278 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Carolina, the following places were selected for the establishment of 

 stations: 



Asliovillo, X. C, with 4 substations. 

 lUaiityre, N. C, with 3 snhstatioiis. 

 Blowing Kock, N. C, with 4 substa- 

 tions. 

 Globe, N. C, with 2 substations. 

 Gorge, N. C, with 3 substations. 



Mount Airy, N. C, with 3 substations. 

 North Wilkesboro, N. C, with 3 sub- 

 stations. 

 Transon, N. C, with 2 substations. 

 Tryon, N. C, with 3 substations. 

 Wayncsville, N. C, with 2 substations. 



P^acli of these stations is equipped with an instrument shelter, a 

 thermograph, and maximum and minimum thermometers. In addi- 

 tion, the home station has a rain gauge, a sling psychrometer, and 

 an extra minimum thermometer exposed outside the shelter. The 

 instruments at the home station are read once daily, while those at 

 tlie substations are read weekly, the observations being continued 

 throughout the year. 



These stations are variously located along the slope of the moun- 

 tains up to 4,000 feet above sea level, the range between the elevation 

 of the home station and the highest substation being about 1,000 feet. 

 A further extension of the service in North Carolina is planned for 

 the coming year. 



Under the Portland (Oreg.) center are grouped seven localized 

 centers for fruit frost investigation and distribution of frost 

 warnings : 



1. In the Rogue River Valley around Medford, Oreg. 



2. In the Unipqua Valley around Riddles, Oreg. 



3. In the Stuck River Valley around Tacoma, Wash. 



4. In the Yakima Valley around North Yakima, Wash. 



5. In the Snake River Valley around Lewiston, Idaho. 



6. In the Boise Valley around Boise, Idaho. 



7. In the Hood River Valley around Hood River, Oreg. 



Medford, in the Eogue River Valley, is the key station for that 

 district, with the three cooperative stations at Ashland, Jackson- 

 ville, and Grants Pass, Oreg., taking observations during the frost 

 period, or when specially called on. Observations are taken at Med- 

 ford throughout the year. Riddles, Oreg., in the Umpqua Valley, 

 is the distributing center for warnings for that section. The service 

 in the remaining valleys has the same general system of reporting 

 stations, working in conjunction with a central station, from which 

 warnings are distributed to the surrounding fruit interests liable to 

 be injured by expected frosts or low temperatures. 



The supervision of five special fruit-district stations around Los 

 Angeles was transferred to the San Francisco district during the 

 past year. The San Francisco center now has charge of the fruit- 

 district stations of the northern and central counties and the citrus 

 fruit districts of the south. It is hoped soon to provide for a mate- 

 rial extension of this service into the fruit districts of the San 

 Gabriel, Santa Clara, San Joaquin, Sacramento, and Bay Valleys. 

 Experiments with improved heaters are needed, so as to utilize the 

 warnings to the fullest extent. Plans are being made for experi- 

 ments with coverings as a plant protection. 



The experiments in protecting fruit from frost by the use of 

 canopies, begun at Provo, Utah, two years ago, have been continued 

 by the Weather Bureau official at Salt Lake City, who has extended 

 them so as to include the covering of trees with three different kinds 

 of cloth, and taking the temperature observations both inside and 



