WEATHER BUREAU. 291 



is promised. A. Zahm's "Aerial Navigation " (New York, 1911) de- 

 votes adequate attention to aeronautical meteorolog3^ Other works in 

 this field include J. S, Dines's " Second Report on Wind Structure," 

 published by the British Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (Lon- 

 don, 1911) ; P. Ludewig's "Die Messung vertikaler Luftstromnngen " 

 (Leipzig, 1911); and G. Jonas's " Methode und Tabellen fiir die 

 Berechnung von Pilotballonaufstiegen " (Leipzig, 1911). However, 

 the bulk of the recent literature on aerology, aeronautical meteorology, 

 aerotechnics, and allied topics has appeared in the form of magazine 

 articles, which can not be enumerated here, 

 ^ The subject of agricultural meteorology is attracting much atten- 

 tion. The International Institute of Agriculture has issued an 

 elaborate report on the organization of work in this field in various 

 countries (Rome, 1911). A large series of publications have been 

 issued by the meteorological bureau attached to the Russian Ministry 

 of Agriculture. P. Klein's " Meteorologie agricole " (Paris, 1911) 

 is chiefly devoted to the general subject of meteorology, rather than 

 its applications to agriculture. Phenology has made much more prog- 

 ress in Germany than elsewhere. A notable contribution to this 

 subject was E. Ihne's " Phaenologische Karte des Friihlingseinzugs 

 im Grossherzogtu.m Hessen," second edition (Darmstadt, 1911). In 

 the United States the greatest share of attention has been given to 

 the subject of frost and frost protection. This bureau published a 

 bulletin on " Frost Data of the United States and Length of the Crop 

 Season," by P. C. Day (Washington, 1911), and one on " Forecasting 

 Frost in the North Pacific States," by E. A. Beals (Washington, 

 1912). Numerous bulletins on orchard heating were issued by the 

 experiment stations, and this subject occupied a prominent place in 

 the horticultural journals. 



A work by C. Dorno, " Studie liber Licht und Luft des Hochge- 

 birges " (Braunschweig, 1911), is an example of elaborate modern 

 methods of studying the radiation from the sun and sky and the 

 normal electrical phenomena of the atmosphere as components of 

 climate. In his " Characteristics of Existing Glaciers " (New York, 

 1911), W. H. Hobbs urges the importance of the polar continental 

 ice caps as affecting the general circulation of the atmosphere. 

 Hellmann and*Elsner's " Meteorologische Untersuchungcn iiber die 

 Sommerhochwasser der Oder" (Berlin, 1911) is an exhaustive study 

 on the relation of floods in the basin of the River Oder to barometric 

 conditions. This bureau published a bulletin on "Stream Flow of 

 the Ohio River at Cincinnati and Precipitation in the Watershed 

 above Cincinnati," by J. W. Smith (Washington, 1912). Of more 

 general ai:)plication was D. W. Mead's memoir on " The Flow of 

 Streams and the Factors that Modify It" (Madison, AVis., 1911). 



Photographs of typical cloud forms appear in J. Loisel's "Atlas 

 photographique des nuages " (Paris, 1911) and A. McAdie's "The 

 Clouds and Fogs of San Francisco " (San Francisco, 1911). 



The most remarkable addition to the literature of atmospheric 

 optics was F. Busch & C. Jensen's " Tatsachen und Theorien der 

 atmospharischen Polarisation" (Hamburg, 1911), a monumental 

 work on the subject treated. A useful and much-needed descriptive 

 work on all the known forms of solar and lunar halos was pub- 

 lished serially by L. Besson in " L' Astronomic " and subsequently 



