490 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



piehensive outline of the improvements needed on the forest so far 

 as they can be foreseen, with an indication of the approximate order 

 in whicli they should be taken up; and finally, a complete summary 

 of the administrative force needed to conduct all lines of work 

 economically and efliciently, together with the estimated cost of these 

 lines of work and their proper correlation. In short, they cover every 

 phase of forest administration. "Working plans outline the general 

 scheme of management in a broad way for a long period, and in con- 

 siderable detail for some such period as 10 to 15 years. 



The collection of the detailed data for working plans is carried 

 on under the immediate direction of the supervisors, with inspection 

 and supervision from the district offices and Washington. Completed 

 plans are finally reviewed by the assistant foresters in charge of each 

 branch, and approved by the Forester. 



Preliminary plans are being prepared as rapidly as practicable 

 for all forests except those on which working plans are needed. 

 "Working plans are now in preparation for the following forests: 

 The Kaniksu, where the demand for western white pine has become 

 very great, and sales are desirable to permit the listing of agricultural 

 lands; the Deerlodge, on which there is a very extensive demand for 

 timber to supply the Butte mines; the Crook, where approximately 

 the total production of the forest is and will be needed to supply the 

 needs of settlers in and near the forest; the Coconino and Tusayan, 

 where there has been for a number of years an extensive demand for 

 yellows-pine timber for the general market; the Gila, where a strong 

 demand has existed for fuel wood to supply the mines at Mogollon ; 

 the Plumas^ from wdiich it will be possible to dispose of a large part 

 of the annual production to supply the general market; the Medicine 

 Bow, with a large amount of material suitable for railroad ties, 

 which in the future are practically certain tt> be in great demand for 

 railroad maintenance and extension; and the Florida, where an 

 active naval stores industry is ready to utilize the entire turpentine 

 yield of the forest that can be made available. 



The regulation of yield in the intensively managed forests of 

 Europe is one of the most important phases of administration. The 

 importance of regulation within the national forests will increase 

 in exactly the proportion that their use becomes intensive. Another 

 step toward intensive management was taken during the year by the 

 determination within all of the districts of regulation units or di- 

 visions based upon topography, transportation facilities, and the 

 logical markets, either local or general, which should be supplied 

 from each area. The division boundaries are independent of existing 

 forest boundaries. Usually the authorized annual cut for each di- 

 vision will not exceed the annual production by growth. "Where, 

 however, a large part of the total merchantable stand is mature and 

 overmature, a cut in excess of the annual yield is justified both to 

 prevent waste and to put the forest in a condition in which the pro- 

 duction of wood will be far more rapid. Based upon the estimated 

 annual growth and the amount of mature and overmature timber, 

 the total cut authorized from all divisions for the fiscal year 1913 is 

 6,327,232,000 board feet, including 176,685,000 feet for free use. 



The Forest Service has in the past cooperated with the Bureau of 

 Entomology in order to protect the forests from insect ravages. 

 Because of the necessity for correlating insect control with such work 



