BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY. 635 



the public in general will undoubtedly apply control measures in 

 other localities. 



The results of the active work carried on in the South during the 

 summer of 1911 are among the most important achievements of this 

 branch of the bureau. They are shown, (1) in a greater interest in 

 the subject of protecting pine of the farmers' wood lots and the 

 turjDentine and timber forests from the ravages of the southern pine 

 beetle; (2) in the fact that an enormous amount of beetle-infested 

 timber was cut into cordwood by farmers and owners of timberlands 

 during the fall and winter in strict accordance with the instructions 

 given in Farmers' Bulletin No. 4TG. prepared in this office; and (3) 

 in the evidently complete control of the depredations in the sections 

 in North Carolina and Georgia where the greatest damage was done 

 by the southern pine beetle during the summer and fall of 1911, 

 involving the death of many millions of cords of timber of different 

 sizes. 



Cooperation with the Forest Service has been continued and has 

 resulted in the adoption by that service of a definite insect-control 

 policy for the National Forests based on the results of investigations 

 and recommendations of representatives of the Bureau of Ento- 

 mology. Further cooperation has been carried on with the Indian 

 Office of the Interior Department, and with private owners in South 

 Carolina, North Carolina, and other Southern States, in California, 

 and in Oregon. 



Especial investigations in addition to the demonstration work have 

 been under way, and many species have been studied. 



INVESTIGATIONS OF INSECTS DAMAGING DECIDUOUS FRUIT TREES, 



Investigations of insects injurious to deciduous fruits, vineyards, 

 and nuts have been carried on as heretofore under the direction of 

 Mr. A. L. Quaintance. Some of the projects under way at the close 

 of the last fiscal year have been continued and enlarged, and addi- 

 tional ones have been undertaken. 



THE PEAE THBIPS. 



Studies of the life history and habits of the pear thrips in Cali- 

 fornia have been continued at the bureau's laboratory at San Jo^e, 

 and additional important information obtained. Each season pre- 

 sents variations in the behavior of this insect in orchards, especially 

 in regard to the time of its appearance on trees in the spring and 

 the relative number present at a given time. These variations must 

 be carefully considered in order to accomplish effective remedial 

 work, and considerable attention has therefore been given to deter- 

 mining the relation of temperature and rainfall to thrips emergence. 



In orchards large-scale spraying operations have been conducted. 

 Thi-ee years ago certain orchards were selected in the Santa Ch'ra 

 Valley in which to carry out for several successive seasons the recom- 

 mendations of the bureau as to spraying, cultivation, and other or- 

 chard treatments relating to thrips control. This work has been 

 quite successful, and has served as object lessons to the fruit growers. 

 During the spring of 1912 five of the bureau's agents in California 

 were assigned to the thrips work and were located at different points 



