OFFICE OF PUBLIC ROADS. 851 



MACADAM BOADS. 



SuMMERViLLE, Ga. — ExcavatioD was started on a road from Siimmerv'ille 

 northward toward Trj-on on August 4, 1911, but it was suspendt'd on August 31, 

 1911, for lack of funds. The average cut was 0.5 foot and the maximum 3.5 feet; 

 the average fill was 0.25 foot and the maximum 2 feet; and the grade was 

 reduced from 15 per cent to 4 per cent by relocation. For a distance of 10.032 

 feet the road was graded 30 feet wide, making 33,440 square yards, and the 

 same length was prepared for surfacing 14 feet wide. One mile of road, or 8,213 

 square yards, was surfaced 14 feet wide. The suffacing material, in which the 

 largest stones were 4 inches in diameter, was spread 8 inches deep in one course 

 and compacted to 6 inches. The crown was made 1 inch to the foot; 2.830 cubic 

 yards of earth was excavated and 1,440 cubic yards of surfacing material was 

 used. 



No information was obtainable in regard to the material in a concrete bridge 

 built by contract at Station 42+24. The bridge had a span of 16 feet, a width 

 of 16 feet, and a height of 8 feet. The arch had a rise of 3 feet and a thickness 

 of 8 inches of reinforced concrete. The walls and abutments were 30 inches 

 thick. The following equipment was furnished by citizens: Four wheel scrapers, 

 1 road machine, 1 four-horse roller. 1 split-log drag, and 2 farm plows. Slat- 

 bottom wagons were ui?ed for hauling material. The average haul for excava- 

 tion was 200 feet and the maximum 500 feet, and the average haul from the pit 

 was 1 mile. The fouudation of the road was a sticky red clay, and the surfac- 

 ing material chert, which was spread with shovels. This material has good 

 binding properties, but wears unevenly under traffic and pulverizes. 



The total cost of the work was $1,132.50 ; the rate per mile of grading was 

 $255 ; and the rate per mile graded and surfaced, $877.50. Labor cost $1 per 

 day. teams $3. and supervision $2. The principal items of cost were excavation, 

 including supervision, $520; hauling from the pit to the road, $405; spreading, 

 $25; loading at the pit, $77.50; and drilling, $105. 



Berea, Ky. — The Chestnut Street road extending westward from Berea 

 post office toward the railroad station, a distance of 1,180 feet, was built in 

 1910 with a width of 1,4 feet. When the work was resumed on August 7, 

 1911, it was found necessary to repair the surface from station to station 

 5+85 and, in the meantime, the local authorities had decided to widen the 

 surface to 30 feet for its entire length. The section between station 5+85 and 

 11+80 was found to be in good condition. The widening was done on both 

 sides of the original surface, and the work was entirely completed on September 

 15, 1911. The natural soil was yellow clay with a subsoil of disintegrated 

 shale rock. The minimum grade was 0.4 per cent and the maximum 3.8 per 

 cent. Fifteen feet of cross drain, made of 4-inch concrete tile, was laid at 

 right angles to the road at station 1+50. A 15-ton roller was rented at $5 per 

 day. Slat-bottom wagons and 1-yard dump carts were used for hauling, and 

 the material was spread upon the road with shovels. The No. 1 course of 

 stone was hauled 19 mile.s and the screenings were hauled 27 miles by rail, 

 unloMded into wagons, and hauled 2,000 feet. Water was obtained from a 

 hydrant on the work. The material used for surfacing was dolomite and lime- 

 stone obtained from the Sparks County quarry. This surface is suitable for 

 light traffic only. The road was built to a total width of 30 feet, except from 

 station to station 2, where the width varied from 04 feet to 30 feet. The 

 area graded was 3,234 .square yards, and the area surfacetl 3,123 square yards. 

 The i)ottom course was made 21 inches deep and was filled with screeiungs, 

 making a total depth of 3 inches. The stone of the bottom course was from 

 i inch to li inches in diameter, and the screenings from i inch to dust. The 

 crown was made } inch to the foot. 



The total cost of the work was $946.95; the cost per square yard, $0,203; 

 and the rate per mile. .$4,240. Lnbor cost $1.25 [kt day, and teams $2.50 per 

 day. The surfacing material, amounting to 415 cubic yards, cost $475 f. o. b. 

 The cost of hauling from cars to road was $l(j5..50. the cost of spreading and 

 sprinkling $70.45, and the cost of rolling $2;{1.,5(). The roller man worked 21 

 days at $3 per day. and 23* days at $5 per day was charged for the roller. 

 The cost of 2.9 tons of coal at .$."...'')0 a toi>. lA g.illons of oil at $1 a gallon, and 

 also the cost of loading, unloading, and freight on the roller, amounting to 

 $39.50, !ire included in the cost of rolling. 



On June 18. 1912, a representative of the office was as.signed to do some 

 further work on this road. The section G08 feet in length had failed for lack 

 of drainage (as was predicted previous to the begiuuiug of the work), and 



