858 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Biirfiiclng material 1,185 cubic yards. Labor and material for the bridge cost 

 $ir>.7ri. 



The total cost of the road to the community was $573.35; the cost per square 

 yard. $0.05; and the rate per mile, $805.92. The superintendent was paid $2 

 per day; hired teams, $3; and guards, $1. Convicts were figured at $0.40, 

 and county teams at $1 per day. 



MoYOCK, N. C. — The work of building a sand-clay road northwest from 

 Moyock was started on October 1!), 1911, and continued until November 17, 

 1911. The soil from station to station 1 is sand-clay with an excess of sand; 

 from station 1 lo station 2, clay; from station 2 to station 10, sand-clay contain- 

 ing an excess of sand; from station 10 to station 15 the mixure of sand and clay 

 is well proportioned; and from station 15 to station 18 there is a slight excess 

 of sand. 



The equipment consisted of one 4-horse road plow, 1 disk cutter, 1 disk 

 riding plow, 1 harrow, and a road grader. Some of the material was handled 

 in carts, then dumped and spread by hand, although most of the grading was 

 done with slip scrapers. 



The average haul was 50 feet and the maximum haul 1,700 feet. The subsoil 

 was usetl for a foundation and a sand-clay mixture for the surfacing. The total 

 length built was l.SOO feet with a width of 20 feet, and the crown was made 

 1.8 inches to the foot. The earth excavation amounted to 352 cubic yards. 



The cost of the road was $113.48; the cost per square yard, $0.2837; and the 

 rate jier mile, $332.87. Labor cost $1.25 i)er day, and team, with driver, $3.25 

 per day. It was very ditUcult to obtain men and teams. 



Warsaw, N. C. — The work of building a sand-clay road from Warsaw south- 

 ward toward Kenansville was begun on November 4, 1911, but discontinued on 

 December 22, 1911, after 1 mile of road had been built. 



The soil is sandy, with a light red subsoil of clay and white sand. The pro- 

 portion of sand in the subsoil is from § to f, making a good mixture. The sur- 

 face was first plowed, thereby turning the sand under and bringing the subsoil 

 to the surface. It was then mixed with a disk harrow, shaped with grader 

 and drag, and leveled with slip scrapers where necessary, and material was 

 added from the ditches or nearest clay pits. The maximum cut was 1 foot, the 

 maximum till 3.1 feet, and the maximum grade of 3 per cent was reduced to 

 2i per cent. 



One 18-inch corrugated metal culvert 23 feet long, two IS-inch metal culverts 

 each 21 feet long, and two 10-inch vitrified-pipe culverts each 21 feet long 

 were laid without end walls, and a 15-foot span skew bridge was built with 

 brick wing walls 22 feet long and 4.6 feet high above the footings with plank 

 floor and guard rails. The footings were 2 feet deep and 2.9 feet wide. The 

 abutment walls were made 22 feet long, 2 feet thick at the bottom and 1 foot 

 8 inches thick at the top. The wing walls were built for a 1 to 1 slope. 



The maximum haul was 1,000 feet, the average haul, 200 feet; and the aver- 

 age haul from the pit, 500 feet. The total length of road built was 5,280 feet; 

 the width of grading, 20 feet; and the area graded, 11,703 square yards. The 

 surfacing material was spread 14 feet wide, making the area surfaced 8,213 

 square yards. The surfacing was 8 inches in depth, and the crown li inches to 

 the foot. The estimated amount of earth excavation was 1,914 cubic yards, and 

 of surfacing material 1,200 cubic yards. 



Twenty barrels of cement, 5 barrels of lime, 10 cubic yards of sand, 15,500 

 bricks, 2,074 feet b. m. of pine lumber, and 78 pounds of nails were used in 

 building the bridge. 



The total cost of the work was $1,070.25; the cost per square yard surfaced, 

 $0.13; and the rate per mile, $1,070.25. Labor per 10-hour day cost $1.25; fore- 

 men per day, $2.50 ; and mules per day, $1.50. 



The principal items of cost were grading, $247.12; shaping the subgiade, 

 $56.25; culverts, including labor, $88.12; abutment walls, including excavation 

 for them, $322.32; loosening and loading clay, $42.49; hauling from pit, $138.19; 

 spreading surfacing material. $24; clearing and grubbing, $53.54; dragging, 

 $10.50; and trimming the shoulders and ditching, $87.72. 



MiNEOLA, Tex. — A sand-clay road from Mineola northeast toward Martin's 

 Ferry, called the "Martin's Ferry Road," was begun on November 27, 1911, and 

 completed on January 17. 1912. Nineteen and one-half days were lost on account 

 of cold weather and holidays. The earth was loosened with plows and rooters 

 or with drag and wheel scrapers and spread with shovels. The maximum cut 



