BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 93 



CHEESE FACTORY INVESTIGATION AND EXTENSION. 



Work for the development and extension of cheese manufacture 

 has been carried on. Special attention has been given to extending 

 the industry to new regions where conditions may be favorable, such 

 as the mountainous sections of North Carolina and Tennessee, some 

 of the irrigation projects, and the coast section of the Pacific North- 

 west. Assistance was rendered to various factories in ascertaining 

 the causes of the poor quality of cheese and to new factories in start- 

 ing operations with the best methods. 



In North Carolina, since this work was begun, 7 cheese factories 

 have been erected, of which 6 were constructed during the past year 

 at an average cost of $664. They have opened up markets in hitherto 

 undeveloped regions and made possible increased incomes to people 

 far from transportation facilities. 



In Montana and Idaho 10 factories were established through assist- 

 ance furnished by the division, and aid and advice were given to other 

 factories. Most of the new factories which in this section give the 

 best satisfaction to the patrons are cooperative. The cheese produc- 

 tion of Idaho increased from 500,000 pounds in 1914 to 1,500,000 

 pounds in 1915. 



A man has been stationed in Tennessee to carry on this work, and 

 requests for assistance have been received from other States. 



INSPECTION OF BUTTER FOR THE NAVY. 



During the year, under the inspection and supervision of the 

 Dairy Division, 815,125 pounds of butter in 5-pound tins, 63-pound 

 tubs, and 68-pound cubes was packed for the Navy Department. 



INSPECTION OF RENOVATED BUTTER. 



At the beginning of the fiscal year there were 24 bonded factories 

 f o • the manufacture of renovated or " process " butter. During the 

 year 2 new factories were started and 2 others were discontinued. 

 The total output was 33,157,536 pounds, a decline of 15.2 per cent 

 from that of the preceding year. Exports of 133,300 pounds were 

 made under certificate, as compared with 1,918,015 pounds in the 

 fiscal year 1915. 



Considered as a whole, the sanitary condition of the factories has 

 been improved. One plant has been closed, another has been moved 

 into better quarters, a third has been considerably improved, and a 

 fourth is undergoing extensive repairs. 



DAIRY RESEARCH LABORATORIES. 



The laboratory work of the Dairy Division is under the direction 

 of L. A. Rogers. 



BACTERIOLOGY OF MILK. 



Investigations to determine the pathogenicity of the Bacillus 

 abortus cultures isolated from the udder have not been entirely con- 

 clusive, but it has been shown that in addition to the ordinary patho- 

 genic form there is a fat-splitting type which is found very com- 



