BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 97 



The inspection of the milk plants in the District of Columbia for 

 permission to sell milk in Government buildings has been continued. 

 37 inspections having been made during the year. Counts of bacteria 

 in the milk also have been made. As a result of these inspections 

 only a superior grade of milk is sold in these buildings to Government 

 employees. Inspections and scorings also were made regularly of the 

 dairy experimental farm at Beltsville, Md., and the Naval Academy 

 Dairy at Gambrills, Md. 



MILK-PLANT ECONOMICS. 



In cooperation with the Office of Markets and Rural Organization 

 an extensive study of the milk supply of Detroit, Mich., was made. 

 The health department and the dealers of that city cooperated 

 fully. Complete data were obtained on about 95 per cent of the 

 total milk supply. The information covered systems of buying, 

 transportation, delivery, accounting, etc., and methods and costs 

 of handling milk, and is being compiled for publication. 



Visits were made also to the larger milk-distributing plants in 

 Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, and considerable 

 data were gathered. A special study was made in Buffalo of the 

 system of pasteurizing milk in bottles. 



Estimates of equipment have been furnished to nine milk plants 

 varying in capacity from 100 to 1,000 gallons in capacity. With the 

 cooperation of the dairy engineer, plans and specifications have been 

 prepared for a city milk plant capable of handling from 2,500 to 

 3.000 gallons of milk daily by the gravity system. 



The monthly milk-plant letters on timely subjects have been con- 

 tinued and are now sent to 800 addresses. 



COST OF MILK PRODUCTION. 



Studies in the cost of milk production have been undertaken, and 

 good progress has been made in two States — North Carolina and 

 Indiana. This work includes feed elements, cost, and quality; time 

 required for various operations; cost of clean methods; cost of rais- 

 ing heifers up to time of freshening. A comparison is made also 

 between fall-dropped calves and those dropped in the spring. The 

 investigations have not proceeded far enough for results to be stated. 



WESTERN DAIRY INVESTIGATIONS. 



The development of dairying in the Western States continues to 

 receive special attention, and is in charge of J. E. Dorman. This 

 work is done in cooperation with extension departments of State 

 agricultural colleges and with county agents, instructors of agricul 

 ture in high schools, commercial clubs, city and local boards of 

 health, and other agencies. 



DAIRY FARMING. 



Dairy Division representatives assisted in the cooperative buying 

 and shipping into western territory of 60 pure-bred dairy bulls and 

 26 pure-bred and more than 400 grade dairy cows, thus effecting a 

 saving of many hundreds of dollars to the dairymen. This was done 



