OFFICE OF PUBLIC ROADS AND RURAL ENGINEERING. 341 



in the Salt River Valley; State of California and the California 

 Agricultural Experiment Station in the Imperial and Sacramento 

 Valleys; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station in the Cache la 

 Poudre Valley; Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station at Gooding. 

 Idaho, and with individuals at Twin Falls, Idaho; Kansas Agricul- 

 tural Experiment Station at Garden Cit}'; Montana Agricultural 

 Experiment Station at Billings; New Mexico Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station at State College; State engineer of Nevada and the 

 University of Nevada in Lamoille Valley; Oregon Agricultural Ex- 

 periment Station at Paisley and Burne; Texas Board of Water 

 Engineers at Mercedes; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station at 

 various points in Utah; State of Wyoming at various points in that 

 State. A bulletin giving the results of such studies in Idaho has 

 been published and a report of the work done in Arizona has been 

 completed. A field laboratory has been established at Denver, Colo., 

 for studies of losses of water by evaporation from water and soil 

 surfaces and the movement of moisture in the soil. Further studies 

 of the movement of moisture in the soil and its relation to irrigation 

 methods under laboratory conditions have been carried on in southern 

 California. 



This project also has included the collection of information in 

 humid sections of the United States as to the benefits of irrigation 

 and the methods best adapted to eastern conditions. This work has 

 been done principally in Florida and New Jersey. 



PUMPING FOR IRRIGATION. 



The work has consisted of mechanical tests of pumps under labora- 

 tory conditions carried on in cooperation with the New Mexico Agri- 

 cultural Experiment Station at that station; mechanical tests of 

 pumping plants in the field carried on principally in Kansas and 

 Nebraska: the collection of data regarding season, cost of main- 

 tenance and operation of pumping plants, the amount of water 

 pumped, and the use made of the water pumped at several points 

 in the Great Plains area ; and the preparation of a manuscript for a 

 bulletin dealing with recovery of underground water by pumping. 



APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT FOR IRRIGATION. 



Experiments have been carried on to develop improved equipment 

 for irrigation. Models for an automatic measuring device, an im- 

 proved spray nozzle, and another measuring device have been sub- 

 mitted for public patent, while other appliances are being tested. 



FLOW OF WATER IN DITCHES, PIPES, AND OTHER CONDUITS. 



The work under this head consists of technical studies to work out 

 formulas for the flow of water in the various types of conduits used 

 to convey water for irrigation. A bulletin on flow of water in open 

 channels has been issued and another on the flow of water in wood- 

 stave pipe has been prepared. Data for a similar report on the flow 

 in concrete pipe was collected. 



MEASUREMENT OF WATER FOR IRRIGATION. 



The work hereunder consists in laboratory and field experiments 

 to develop devices for measuring water for irrigation. Laboratory 

 experiments were carried on in cooperation with the Colorado Agri- 

 cultural Experiment Station at Fort Collins. Colo., where a labora- 

 tory for this purpose has been built by the station, and in cooperation 



