McKenney, Notes on Plant Distributiou in Southern California. 169 



3 meters in height. It consists of woody forms very much and 

 irregularly branched and closely grown; constituting what has been 

 called a scrub growth. The wood of these forms is commonly 

 tough and fibrous. In some cases however, it may be quite hard 

 and unyielding in nature. 



The leaves of the typical members of the scrub are always 



small and simple with entire or slightly spiny toothed margins. 



They are thick and have a well developed cuticle. When the 



cuticle IS less thick, the leaves have a moderate cowering of hairs 



on both surfaces. These hairs may be dry or glandulär. The 



following are the most common forms and give the scrub its general 



characteristics : Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry, Gilia californica 



Benth., Audibertia stachyoides Benth., Ceanothus sorediatus H. et A., 



C. cuneatus Nutt., C. divaricatus Nutt., Quercus dumosus Nutt., 



Qu. chrysolepis Liebm., Qu. WisUzeni A. DC, Castilleia parviflora 



Bong., Cercocarpus lidifolius Nutt., Pentstemon heterophyllus Lindl. 



and P. spectabilis Thurb. Occasionally some of these forms are 



found in other formations, but they are not common there and tend 



to take on a different form of growth. A number of other forms 



are also met with in the mountain scrub but these are not frequent 



and are to be regarded as migrants from other formations. They 



de not contribute to the general character of the scrub. Araong 



these migrant forms are to be mentioned Rhamnus crocea Nutt., 



Ädinostoma fasciculatum H. et A. and Pickeringia montana Nutt. 



In little isolated patches between the dense scrub masses are 



found the following characteristic herbaceous forms: Chlorogalum 



jtomeridianum Kunth, Zygadenus Fremonti Torr., Gomphocarpus 



tomentosus Gray, Solidago californica Nutt., Epilohium paniculatum 



Nutt. and Clarkia pulcheUa Pursh. These forms are not found in 



masses but as single individuals or as small Clusters of two or 



three. When the spaces between the scrub are larger, masses of 



the following are found : Lupinus affinis Agardh, L. truncatus Nutt., 



L. sparsiflorus Benth., L. hirsutissimus Benth., Sanicula arctopoides 



H. et A., Chaenaciis artemisiaefolia Gray, Salvia columhariea Benth., 



Eschscholzia californica Cham, and Viola pedunculata T. et G. 



The last three are very common but are not restricted to this 



formation, 



Yucca Whipplei Torr, with its short vegetative and enormous 

 inflorescence stems is a very common and typical mountain form. 

 Clambering over the scrub are to be found numerous in- 

 dividuals of Vicia americana Muhl. var. truncata Brewer, Vicia 

 linearis Greene, and to a less extent Convolvulus occidentalis Gray 

 var. tenuissimus Gray and Clematis lasianiha Nutt. Even on tlie 

 top of Mt. Santiago (1728 meters), the highest peak, these are found 

 in abundance. 



Cactoid forms are but rarely met with in the mountain 

 formation. 



Although not rare, terns constitute one of the secondary 

 characters of the formation. They are more abundant in the 

 Foothili formation. I have only found one species restricted to 



