Appendix. 137 



the cultivated varieties. Tons of this fruit are gathered and sold to 

 fami^lies, and if there were more pickers a large commerce could be made 

 with the canneries. The Aughinbaugh is a sport from this species. 



Of raspberries, we have four varieties— the salmon berry {Riibus 

 spectabilis) , a large, yellowish or red fruit, with a red blossom, juicy, 

 sweet, highly flavored, very palatable; a red berry (Rubus strigosus) , 

 highly aromatic, soft, sweet and very good; a black cap {Rubus leuco- 

 dermis) , not unlike Gregg's black cap, and with us, under cultivation, 

 fully its equal. This berry is widely distributed and abundant. A 

 black raspberry, being rather hard and dry to rank first-class, yet 

 with a peculiar flavor; very palatable to some tastes. 



The wild strawberry {Fragaria Chiloensis) is widespread, abundant 

 and very prolific, so that in some regions it is said hogs fatten on them. 

 The berry is not large, but improves under cultivation, and by some is 

 classed superior in flavor to the cultivated kinds. Several fine varieties 

 have been produced by cross fertilization with this, among which are 

 the Triomphe de Grand, True Chili, and several otner varieties. 



We have several wild currants, one a beautiful shrub and sought in 

 the Eastern States and Europe as an ornamental lawn plant, and 

 valued for its elegant foliage and early and profuse bloom of pink and 

 scarlet flowers; berry not edible. The yellow currant {Ribes aureuni) 

 I'esponds well to cultivation, and in the wild state is good sized and 

 edible. 



Of gooseberries, two or three kinds are common. Ribes Menziesii is a 

 large, hairy berry, edible, but rather insipid, and is not much used. 

 Two others are red and brown when ripe, a fourth of an inch in dia- 

 meter, sweetish, tart; good for culinary purposes; do not know of their 

 cultivation. 



Four or more huckleberries are found in the State. VacciyiiuTn parvi- 

 folium is a pale, red berry, small, dry, with a very slight cranberry 

 taste, and not used. Vaccinmm ovalifoliiim, high bush huckleberry, is a 

 large, blue berry, good and in some localities where fruit is scarce veiy 

 useful ; much sought by the Indians. Vaecinium microphyllum is a red, 

 high bush huckleberry, smaller, juicy and palatable; only found high 

 up in the mountains. Another is found in the Cascade and Coast 

 ranges as an evergreen bush, and bears a dark, purple berry; edible. 

 Local botanists speak of other varieties. 



The barberry {Berherifi Aquifolium) , Oregon grape, so-called, is a 

 superb and elegant oi-namental evergi-een shrub, in leaf somewhat re- 

 sembling the English holly; in the wild state growing two or three 

 feet high; under cultivation making a showy lawn plant, six to eight 

 feet, with finely cut, polished leaves and symmetrical head; early in 

 spring bearing a profusion of showy, yellow flowers, followed in their 

 season by clusters of dark purplish black berries, the size of wild cher- 

 ries; altogether a thing of beauty rarely equaled; fruit acid and make 

 a fine beverage, and good pies and preserves. There are others of the 

 barberry family. 



