204 Appendix. 



.gloves is much superior to a rag for wiping, as the operation is not only 

 more quickly performed, but the hands do not become numb handling 

 the cold fruit. Wiping and grading may be conveniently done at one 

 operation. 



If more than eight boxes in one hundred have to be culled out by the 

 packers, an extra charge is made. Complete elimination of seconds and 

 culls is of course highly essential to a first-class pack; nor is it so 

 "wasteful a process as some growers might think, but will often be found 

 actually to be a measure of economy. Suppose, for instance, a man 

 finds he has apples enough to pack 100 boxes if he is easy on the culling, 

 but that rigid grading will give him only eighty. To choose the latter 

 course may seem like a sheer waste of twenty boxes, but when he 

 figures up the extra expense of packing the larger number, together 

 with the lower price the ill-graded fruit brings, it will not take any 

 special revival service to convert him to belief in the former course. 

 The account might read something like this: 



CULLED TO EIGHTY BOXES. 



80 boxes apples at $1 .' $80.00 



■20 boxes seconds and culls at 30 cents 6.00— $86.00 



Disbursements. 



80 box shooks at 10 cents $ 8.00 



Making 80 boxes at 11/2 cents 1.20 



Packing 80 boxes apples at 5 cents 4.00 



Freight on 80 boxes at 30 cents 24.00— 37.20 



Net profit $48.80 



CULLED TO ONE HUNDRED BOXES. 



Receipts. 

 100 boxes apples at 75 cents $75.00 



Disbursements. 



100 box shooks at 10 cents $10.00 



Making 100 boxes at 1^/^ cents 1.50 



Packing 100 boxes apples at 5 cents 5.00 



Freight on 100 boxes at 30 cents 30.00— 46.50 



Net profit $28.50 



These are conservative figures, and the difference in profit is apt to be 

 more rather than less. Poorly graded apples are often difficult to sell 

 at any price, but carefully sorted and packed fruit seldom goes begging. 



Paying by the day would probably, under wise management, produce 

 a better pack than by the piece, since the latter method to some extent 

 puts a premium on haste and carelessness. It would be diflflcult, how- 

 ever, to arrange a just scale of prices under the day system, and some 

 growers always lose money by this ari'angement because they are not 

 ready when the packers arrive, or have no conveniences or comfortable 



