210 Appendix. 



reaching to the sides of the car nailed along front and back edges, thus 

 securing every box against any sidewise motion, and also providing an 

 air space between this row and the one above. A generous space should 

 be left at the top of the car where the warm air gathers; six rows high 

 is quite enough for the ordinary car, and many prefer to make but five. 

 When the car has been filled to the door from either end, it must be 

 •braced against the severe endwise thrusts incident to frequent stopping, 

 starting and switching. Two-by-fours make the best material for this 

 bracing. Uprights are stood in front of each tier of boxes on either 

 side, and nailed lightly in place; across these three pieces are nailed, 

 'One on the floor, one near the top, and one in the middle. Braces are 

 then cut just a little too long to fit between opposite cross pieces, driven 

 home with a maul, and securely nailed. Four or five braces are thus 

 wedged into place between each pair of cross pieces, holding every box 

 in place as in a vise. A car will hold about 600 boxes. 



THE APPLE: FROM NURSERY TO PACKING TABLE. 



An address delivered by A. I. Mason, Horticulturist, of Hood River, 

 Oregon, at the meeting of fruit growers held in the Rogue River Valley, 

 Southern Oregon, September, 1906. 



I have been requested by Brother Withycombe to tell you how to put 

 first-class, high-grade apples upon the packing table ready for market, 

 and then my colleague. Brother E. H. Shepard, will tell you how to 

 handle them in order to receive the greatest profit. If it were possible 

 for Brother Shepard and I to do all that Brother Withycombe has re- 

 quested us to do, our mission on earth, in a horticultural sense, would 

 be complete, and it could truly be said, "Well done, thou good and 

 faithful servants." The duty assigned to me covers a field of thought 

 which is so broad, and embodies so many topics, upon any one of which 

 a good-sized paper could be written, that it will be necessary for me 

 to touch only briefly upon the principal topics and some of their most 

 important details; and whatever views I might express shall be limited 

 to those obtained by personal experience and observation during the last 

 ten years while growing an apple orchard in Hood River Valley. And 

 I shall ask you to make all necessary allowance for our soil, climate, 

 and market conditions, which may be entirely different from your local 

 conditions. 



The first thought in the mind of a prospective fruit grower is to 

 select his location. Now, we Hood River people when away from home 

 are rather timid in regard to our solicitations; and would say to the 

 prospective horticulturists, if there is not room for you in Hood River, 

 by all means go to Rogue River. The next duty for a prospective hor- 



