14 Report of State Board of Horticulture. 



patches of these herries in New York and they are forced to look 

 elsewhere for a substitute. Loganberries yield so enormously that it 

 is believed they can be grown and dried profitably at a very reasonable 

 price. 



GRAPES. 



The production of grapes is increasing very rapidly also. Oregon 

 now grows her own supply of Concords and some for export, having 

 shut the Eastern Concords out of this market some years ago. The 

 time will soon come when European varieties of grapes grown at The 

 Dalles and Grants Pass will shut the California grapes out of this 

 market during the season for the home product. 



We need a grape juice factory to care for the surplus of Concords. 

 They can be grown in unlimited supply if only the market is assured. 



THE LABOR QUESTION. 



The labor question seems to be a serious one to the fruit gi-ower, 

 as it is to everyone who employs labor. Many fruit growers advocate 

 free importation of Asiatic laborers, but it seems to me that this is 

 unwise. Experience has proven that it will surely cause trouble with 

 white laboring men, and it is to the latter that the fruit grower must 

 look for his market in a large degree. The Asiatic is not such a good 

 helper as we are wont to imagine — now that we can not get him. 

 Any bright American girl or woman will pack more apples in a day, 

 and do it better, than any Japanese man that ever came here. T have 

 had one white man pick up as manv prunes in a day as two Japanese 

 men working side by side — the white man at $2 per day and the 

 Japanese at $1.75 each. 



The problem for us is how we mav better utilize the labor we have. 

 Let the Asiatic, be he Japanese, Chinese or Hindu, stay at home. 

 The donkey engine and dynamite must be used to clear the land, 

 and labor-saving machinery replace human hands «to the fullest 

 extent. Very large, individual plantings of fruit should be avoided 

 as unprofitable alike to the community and the holder. Plantings 

 should include a long succession of fruits, so that the work may be 

 as nearly steady as possible ; then if the community will not supply 

 all the help needed at harvest time, the fruit grower should do as the 

 hop grower does, arrange for families to come and camp. Provide a 

 pleasant camp ground, wood and water, and pay by the piece liberally 

 so that the industrious worker mav make a little more than the usual 

 daily wage. With all the cry for help we still have a wealth of labor 

 in our cities, towns and villages that is not utilized, and that would 

 be vastly benefited by a summer's outing in the berry patches and 

 orchard. With the extension of electric lines great numbers of people 

 can go into the country to work by the day, as well as from the suburbs 

 of the citdes. 



W. K. Newell, 

 Com,missioner at Large. 



