612 Characteristics of the Insect-Fauna 



Fig. 3. The flukes, the hinder edges of which are bor- 

 dered with a dark tint ; there is also a dark stripe on the 

 middle line of the tail. 



Fig. 4. Atlas; a and b, tubercles corresponding with 

 transverse processes ; c, articulating surface for the odon- 

 toid process ; d d, articulating surfaces for the occiput. 



Fig. 5. Axis ; a, odontoid process and the surface 

 with which it articulates with the atlas. 



Fig. 6. Anal and genital region; a, anus; &, cavities 

 containing the rudimentary mammary glands ; c, fissure 

 including the male organ. 



Art. XVII. — Remarks on some Characteristics of the 

 Insect-Fauna of the White Mountains^ New Hampshire. 

 By Samuel H. Scudder. 



[Communicated May 20, 1863.] 



It has long been known, through the researches of 

 Humboldt, and others since his day, that as we ascend a 

 high mountain-peak within the tropics or the temperate 

 zone, we pass successively over areas exhibiting distinct 

 features in their vegetation, which remind us more and 

 more of the flora of high northern latitudes. The Alps of 

 Europe have furnished a field for extensive investigations 

 into these interesting phenomena, and their sides have been 

 mapped out into distinct zones or regions, called succes- 

 sively, on an ascending scale, the mountain, the subalpine, 

 and the alpine regions ; these regions, with their specific 

 appellations, have been recognized and applied to similar 

 phenomena elsewhere, and are in general use. It has also 

 been noticed, that similar characters are assumed by the 

 animals of the mountain summits, and that these also 

 have their distinct regions, corresponding in all respects 

 with those by which the plants were previously limited. 



November, 1863. 



