I9I2] 'Alfred P. Lothrop 17 S 



mass, quite different in appearance and properties from the precipi- 

 tate of the mucilage obtained with alcohol. The precipitate was 

 readily soluble in water, but its Solution was not mucilaginous. 

 When hydrolyzed, it gave a plus rotation to polarized Hght. 



The coloring matter can be concentrated and made into a mar- 

 ketable product, of value for coloring certain foods, by first remov- 

 ing mucilages and gums with alcohol, and precipitating the pigment 

 from the filtrate with acetone. The pigment is evidently a gluco- 

 side. When separated from the juice with alcohol and acetone, and 

 then precipitated with lead acetate, the coloring matter liberated by 

 sulfuric acid gave a glucose-like sugar on hydrolysis. The lead salt 

 produced by precipitating the purified pigment with lead acetate con- 

 tains 61.42 per cent. of lead. 



26. The relation of acapnia to shock.^*^ Henry H. Janeway 

 AND William H. Welker. Henderson has published a number 

 of papers on the relation of acapnia to shock. He maintains that a 

 diminution of the normal amount of carbon dioxide in the blood to 

 a sufficient degree, and maintained for a sufficient length of time, 

 produces an irreparable disturbance of the normal balance of osmotic 

 forces between the blood and the cytoplasm of the body cells, and that 

 this disturbance leads to tissue asphyxia, acidosis, and fatal oligemia, 

 accompanied by Symptoms indistinguishable from shock. He be- 

 lieves that the essential cause of shock is acapnia. He supports this 

 theory, not only by very thorough work on the relation of acapnia 

 to shock from several different Standpoints, but also by furnishing 

 control experiments, as it were, in which shock is prevented by con- 

 servation of the animal's störe of carbon dioxide and also by suc- 

 cessful treatment of animals, already in a condition of shock, with 

 injections of Ringer Solution containing carbon dioxide. Whether 

 this theory fails to stand in whole or in part, its originator deserves 

 the greatest credit for calling attention to the possibility that härm 

 may arise from neglect to conserve the body 's störe of carbon di- 

 oxide, the important functions of which, in the body, have long 

 oxide, the important functions of which, in the organism, have long 

 been appreciated by physiologists. This theory has been of the 

 greatest interest to one of us because of the relation of acapnia to 



^ Some of the work was done in the Surgical Research Laboratory of the 

 College of Physicians and Surgeons. 



