122 



Subgenus Ucliothis, Oclisenheimer. 



Type : Noctua armigera, Hiibncr. 



Heliothis citrinellusj Grote and Robinson. 



Heliothis citrinellus, Grote & Rob., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vol. 3, 



p. 180, plate 2, fig. 79, 1870. 



Habitat, Texas. 



Heliothis plilogophagiiSj Orote and Robinson. 



IlaMtat, VI estern States; Colorado Territory (coll.Tlieo. L. Mead, 

 Number 23); California. This species is sometimes confounded 

 with H. armigera. In a late number of the American Naturalist 

 (April, 1873) it is figured on p. 214, with an erroneous determina- 

 tion. On the same page, fig. 40 is considered to represent Anomis 

 xylina, which it does not. Tliese errors impair the value of the 

 article which the figures illustrate. 



Heliothis armigera, Hubner. 



Eeliothis umbrosus, Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. 1, p. 219, 1862. 



This is the "Boll-worm" of agricultural writers, and is more or 

 less destructive to the cotton boll in the Southern States, where it 

 is widely distributed. It is there often erroneously considered as 

 the same as Anomis xylina, which is the true " Cotton worm," feeds 

 on the leaf, occurs in swarms at varying periods, and belongs 

 structurally to a loAver group of the family. I consider Anomis 

 xylina as an introduction, and not as a true habitant of the Cotton 

 belt. From the irregularity of its appearance, its defective economy 

 (brought about by feeding on an annual, whereas in the countries 

 of which it is a native, the cotton plant lasts several years), and the 

 circumstantial evidence offered by its progression northward, de 

 novo, every year that it occurs within our limits, I conclude that its 

 introduction is due to secondary causes. It is killed out every 

 winter with the destruction of the plant by the frost in central 

 Alabama, Georgia and the Carolinas. The last act of the successive 

 treneratiuiis is ofien (d fiv out of the loosdv web1)cd and defeuseloss 



