54 REPOKT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



In about a week the egg hatches and the worm begins at once 

 to eat througli the apple to the core." Now the first spraying 

 to be effective must occur before the calyx of the apple closes, 

 and before the egg hatches, otlierwise the poison will not 

 reach the first egg deposit. 



There is a succession of broods in this climate during the 

 season of the growth of the apple. I have found the tiny 

 yellow egg described by Saunders, in July, August, and Sep- 

 tember, deposited on the apple, and to preserve our apples 

 from the worm we must spray five to six times during the 

 season, and oftener should rains occur just after spraying. 



To show that we can successfully grow the apple free of 

 worms, I cite the success the past yeiir of such practical men 

 as Olwell Brothers, of Snowey Butte orchard. Central Point, 

 Oregon. They have an orchard of one hundred and sixty 

 acres, in apples, eleven years old. Their crop last year 

 aggregated in value about $15,000. At gathering time last 

 fall a careful test and assorting showed ninety-eight per cent, 

 of their apples to be sound and free from worms, while in 

 orchards adjoining theirs that were not sprayed during the 

 season nearly all of tlie apples were wormy and a loss to the 

 owners. In fighting the apple worm the Olwell Brothers 

 have intelligently informed themselves of the habits of the 

 codling moth, and their spraying was done in a thorough, 

 scientific manner. One of the brothers was always with the 

 spraying outfits, seeing that their orchard was properly 

 sprayed. They used paris green and londou purple in the 

 proportion of one pound to one hundred and sixty gallons of 

 water. The brothers told me that the}' made it the duty of 

 the driver of each outfit to watch and see tliat the men who 

 did the spraying sprayed every portion of each tree. The 

 success of the Olwell Brothers last year is an object lesson 

 to all fruitgrowers. It teaches us that an intelligent use of 

 the spray-pump can overcome the destruction of our apples 

 by the codling moth. They sprayed five times during the 

 season. 



During the season of 1892, at the request of the American 

 Pomological Society, and for my own interest, I carried on a 

 careful test in spraying for the apple worm, using paris green, 

 one pound to one hundred and sixty gallons of water, with a 

 little lime added to neutralize the effects of the acid on the 

 foliage of the trees. I always was careful to agitate thoroughly 

 before spraying each tree. 1 sprayed and treated ten treeft 



