APPENDIX. 247 



in outer appearance resembles the English or hard-shell, but shell is as thin 

 as the Soft-shell, and the kernel or meat is a beautiful white color. Tree 

 productive, uniform, and symmetrical in growth. 



Ford's Improrcd :Soft->Sli(ll (Plate X, Fig-. Oj— Originated in 1877 by Mr. 

 Georg-e W. Ford, of Santa Ana, from seed he obtained in San Francisco, 

 and supposed to have come from Mr. Joseph Sexton, of Santa Barbara. Out 

 of the twenty-five pounds of walnuts he obtained, one hundred of the largest 

 and finest nuts were picked out. and from these twenty large nuts selected. 

 These were planted, and from which originated this new improved nut. 

 The nut resembles the Soft-shell. It is a large, clear nut, separates easily *, 

 the meat is very white, and the tree is a handsome grower. 



Ford's Fnrck-a (Plate XI, Fig. (ii— Oi-iginated by Mr. George W. Ford, of 

 Santa Ana, from soft-shell nuts procured from Mr. Joseph Sexton, of Goleta. 

 The nut is almost round, meat white, and very fine. Tree vigorous, and a 

 fine grower. 



ORIENTAL VARIETIES. 



Among the most beautiful trees are the Japanese walnuts. Two varieties 

 are known in this state, one (J. SicboldiaiKi) being grown for more than 

 twenty years. While it has been grown successfully, its economic impor- 

 tance has not as yet been determiniil. The nuts differ greatly from the 

 varieties of /. reyia, and present curious forms : they are, nevertheless, 

 valuable, for the kernel is oily and sweet. The tree is very handsome, 

 requires no pruning, is a strong grower, and very symmetrical in form, 

 which, with its large, glossy leaves, of extraordinary size, render it most 

 beautiful and es])e(nally suited for roadways and avenues. The tree is also 

 valuable for stocks, as they take easily and are always healthy and of thrifty 

 growth. 



Japanese (Juylans Sieholdiana, Maxim) (Plate X, Fig. 4) — This variety has 

 been cultivated very successfully in this state for more than twenty years. 

 It is a beautiful ornamental tree, indigenous to Japan. The leaves are of 

 enormous size. The nut is small and elongated, quite hard, but with a 

 sweet kernel ; of very little commercial importance. 



Hard-sliaped iJitglans Cordiformis. Maxim) — This variety is also indigenous 

 to Japan, and of recent introduction. The tree is similiar in appearance to 

 J. ISieboldiana. The nut is small and '"heart-shaped," with a sweet kernel, 

 said to be easily extracted by boiling for five minutes and then cracking. 



Chinese {Juglans Jlandsliurica, Maxim] — This nut is also of recent intro- 

 duction, and is indigenous to Eastern Asia. Resembles closely the eastern 

 butternut in habit of growth and foliage, and is said to resemble it in the 

 form and appearance of the nut. 



PLANTING, SOIL, AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS. 



There is considerable difference of opinion among growers as to the proper 

 age to plant walnut trees in orchard. Mam- contend that trees of three 

 years' growth are best, while others contend that the seed should be planted 

 where the tree is intended to grow, that it should never be transplanted, as 



