252 



REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



shape and size. D shows the space ; A the scion prepared for insertion. The 

 scion (from terminal shoots preferred) is prepared to fit the corresponding- 

 space, as shown at B, and fitted into the cleft. It is then tied with cloth or 

 twine and waxed over. 



This method is also employed with success in the field. The earth 

 is removed from around the stocks and the tree is cut smoothly about 

 the crown or where the swelling of the root begins. The graft being 

 inserted, it is tied with cloth, and waxed. The soil is then banked 

 up against it, covering the graft and stock to within an inch or two 

 of the top of the scion. For making the cleft and facing the scion it 

 is important that the knife be sharp to make a smooth cut. This 

 operation (in the field) is best performed, and most successful, when 

 the stocks begin to show signs of growth late in the spring. The 

 scions are cut late in the fall, or early spring, and kept in sand pre- 

 paratory to using. 



CLEFT SAP GRAFT. 



Much credit is due to Mr. Felix Gillet, of Nevada City, who has 

 experimented with all sorts of grafting on the walnut for many years, 

 for having given the public the results at- 

 tained by him in the use of this method. 

 The Of>eration is performed early in the 

 spring when the sap is commencing to fiow, 

 and can be used on large limbs from three 

 to five inches in diameter. The limb is 

 sawed off and smoothed as for ordinary 

 cleft-grafting ; instead, however, of mak- 

 ing a single cleft through the center, two 

 are made, one across the stub at each side 

 of the center, the clefts then being in sap- 

 wood instead of through the heartwood and 

 pith. The scion is prepared as for ordi- 

 nary cleft-grafting, for which purpose it is 

 best to use terminal shoots. In cutting the 

 scion great care must be exercised to cut 

 only into the pith of one side. The scion 

 having been inserted, the wound is bound 

 well with, cotton cloth and thoroughly 

 waxed. 



THE BLACK WALNUT. 

 {Juplanx Nigra, Linn.). 



Fig. 



The relative merits of the Black wal- 

 nut for stocks to graft unto have been 

 under consideration for many years, and this root has been extensively tried 

 in this state, with satisfactory results. The variety mostly used is the 

 Juglans Californica, or California Black walnut. ( Plate X, Fig. 11). In a 

 few instances Juglans Amcrkana, or eastern Black walnut (Plate 10, Fig. 9), 



