344 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



washeSj we have found the following- one to give the best results : Dissolve 

 as much common washing soda as possible in six gallons of soft water, then 

 dissolve one gallon of ordinary soft soap in the above and add one pint of 

 crude carbolic aoid, and mix thoroughly ; two jjounds of lime is then slaked 

 in two gallons of water and filtered so as to remove all dirt and small lumps; 

 this is now added to the above and mixed, while to all is added one-half 

 pound of paris green, or one-fourth pound of white arsenic, and all thoroughly 

 mixed together. While the lime may be omitted we have found it of value 

 in helping to hold the other substances on the tree, and in being of itself 

 disagreeable to the beetles, but use it principally to enable one to tell 

 exactly where and to what extent, or, in other words, how thoroughly, the 

 spraying has been done. The paris green or white arsenic may be omitted, 

 and the wash will still act as a repellant ; but the addition of the poison has 

 advantages in that it will kill the beetles that try to elTect an entrance. It 

 is, perhaps, needless to say that all washes should be applied as thoroughly 

 as possible in order to cover all portions of the tree that it is intended to 

 protect. We have applied the above wash on the trees by means of a spray- 

 pump with perfect success and have reached and covered the entire tree 

 when not leaved out. When the trees are leaved out, it is not practicable 

 to apply the wash by means of a spray-pump, since the leaves catch the 

 bulk of the spray and prevent the wash from thoroughly covering the small 

 limbs and twigs whei'e the benefit is to be derived. 



The above wash should be appled to the trees by means of a spray-pump 

 just as soon as the adult beetles begin to emerge, which is about the last of 

 March, as a rule ; and other applications should be similarly made as often 

 as needed until the trees leave out, after which any further application 

 should be made by means of a white-wash brush to the trunks and large 

 limbs. The above amount of paris green or white arsenic is too strong to 

 apply to the foliage of fruit trees, and for that reason should be omitted en- 

 tirely if spraying the peach or plum after they are in leaf, and should be 

 reduced if spraying other fruit trees while in leaf. When the trees are 

 leaved out, however, the wash should be applied to the trunks and larger 

 limbs only, and by means of a brush, and in that case the presence of the 

 large amount of poison will do no harm. 



The above wash, while very effectual in preventing the beetles from 

 attacking a tree, will not kill the insects when they are once within the tree. 

 Should one discover that the beetles have just attacked a tree where one can 

 get at it, they may be killed by touching their entrance with a sponge or 

 rag on the end of a stick and saturated with a mixture of creosote oil one 

 part, turpentine two parts. After the insects have been killed, it is neces- 

 sary to apply the wash in order to prevent others from entering. 



