366 



REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



The male pro-pupse are very pale yellow, with the legs and antenna; 

 (which have reappeared) together with the two or three terminal segments 

 colorless. The eyes are dark purple and placed close together. The antennse 

 are stout and built closely along the edge of the body as far as the first pair 

 of legs, where they curve slightly inward. Prominent wing-pads extending 

 along the side of the body. The terminal segment bears two short spines. 



The female undergoes a second molt about twenty days from the larva. 

 At each molt the old skin splits around the edge of the body, the upper half 

 adhering to the covering scale and the lower forming a sort of ventral scale 

 next to the bark. This form of molting is common to scales of this kind- 



The covering scales at this stage are of a more purplish gray, the portion 

 covering the exuviae inclining to yellowish. The male scales are more yel- 

 lowish than the female. The effect of the sucking of the insects is now quite 

 apparent on the young growth, causing the bark to assume a purplish hue 

 for some distance around the cental portion, contrasting strongly with the 



Fig. 4 — Development of male insect ; a, ventral view of larva after first molt ; b, same, 

 after second molt (pro-pupa stage); c and d, true pupa, ventral and dorsal views. All 

 greatly enlarged. (Original). 



natural reddish green of the uninjured bark. With the second molt the 

 females do not change materially from their former appearance, retaining 

 the pale yellow color with a number of transparent spots around the edge of 

 the body. The sucking bristles are extremely long, two or three times the 

 length of the body of the insect. The only distinctive features are in the 

 last segment and are noted in the technical description. 



About twenty days after birth the male insect transforms to the true pupa. 

 With the first molt the shed larval skin is retained beneath the scale as in 

 the case of the female ; with the latter moltings the shed skins are pushed 

 out from beneath the scale. The scale, after the second molt, presents on 

 the inside two longitudinal ridges running from one end to the other, touching 

 the sides of the pupa, and which aijparently enable the insect to move back- 

 ward or forward and assist the imago in pushing itself out. 



The true pupa ( Fig. 4 c, d ) is pale yellow, sometimes purplish, darkest 

 about the base of the abdomen. The head, antennae, legs, wing-pads, and 

 style are well formed, but almost colorless. The antennae reach as far back 



