APPENDIX. 389 



Soon after beino- received they began to spin their silken cocoons within 

 the folded mass of leaves, and on May 12 the first pupa was observed. It is 

 shown at a, Fig. 1, Plate VI. May 24 the first moth appeared, and by June 

 1 apparently all had issued. 



During the daytime the moths remain quietly resting upon the trunks and 

 larger branches of the tree, with their wings folded roof-like over the back 

 as shown at c. Fig. 1, Plate VI. In this position they so closely resemble the 

 bark in color that it is difficult to detect them. The moths probably live 

 two or three weeks, and beginning a few- days after they emerge, fly about 

 from tree to tree, mostly in the night, and deposit their eggs singly or in 

 small clusters upon the leaves. In from seven to ten days these eggs hatch. 

 The young larva, which is at first green, at once begins to feed, usually upon 

 the lower epidermis of the leaf. It soon spins for itself a silken tube open 

 at both ends, and usually located beside the midrib. Fig. 4, Plate VI, shows 

 a leaf that has been partially destroyed. Throughout the summer the larvae 

 work upon the leaves in this manner, but towards fall they retreat upon the 

 twigs and branches and construct the temporary cocoons in which they pass 

 the winter as before described. 



FOOD PLANTS. 



So far I have received only specimens that were attacking cherry leaves. 

 It is, therefore, somewhat early to consider this insect as a prune pest, but 

 in the eastern states it has been known to attack the buds on apple, pear , 

 peach, cherry, quince, and plum trees, and blackberry bushes, and there 

 can be little doubt that, since it is now present in the state, it will soon 

 attack our prunes. 



REMEDIES. 



In the east this pest is proving an exceedingly hard one to combat. No 

 satisfactory results have been obtained in destroying the larvfe in their 

 winter quarters, but it is possible that in this climate a winter spraying 

 with strong kerosene emulsion, or lime, salt and sulphur wash, would be 

 effective. It is also j)ossible to destroy a very large proportion of the larvae 

 by spraying the trees with paris green just before the flowers open. The 

 opening buds should be kept coated with the poison so that the larvee may 

 be killed before entering within their protecting cover. We are also of the 

 opinion that a thoroug-h under-spraying of the leaves with paris green, be- 

 tween June 1 and .June 10, would prove effective. In either case one pound 

 of the poison should be used in two hundred gallons of bordeaux mixture. 



Most of our information regarding this insect has been derived from the 

 publications of Mr. Mark Vernon Slingerland, who first worked out its com- 

 l^lete life-history.* 



*Bul. 50 and 107, Cornell T'niv. Expt. Sta. 



