4§G REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



of the Cascade Range. In height it ranges from ninety to one hundred and 

 fifty feet with stump diameter of from three to ten feet or more, the largest 

 on I'ecord measuring seventeen feet, but it will not yield as much lumber in 

 proportion to height as spruce or firs, on accout of its tapering so rapidly 

 towards the top. Its well known ability to resist decay in contact with the 

 ground causes it to be much prized for farm buildings and fences, while its 

 large size and excellent powers of flotation cause it to be equally valued by 

 the Indians for canoes. It is the chief shingle tree of the northwest, and 

 the quantity annually sawed into shingles in Oregon and Washington is so 

 great that the species is rapidly diminishing. The bark is gray, seamed, 

 and thin, but resists forest fires fairly well. The cones are quite small, have 

 six fertile scales bearing twelve seeds or three times as many as the Incense 

 cedar, and this prolificness coupled with the immense quantity of cones 

 borne by it, accounts, to some extent, for its rapid propagation as compared 

 with the latter. Heart- wood, I'cddish, hence the common name. 



lianye — California to Alaska and eastward to the Selkirk and Gold ranges. 



U.^e — Lumber, clapboards, farm buildings, fence posts, rails, sash, doors, 

 shingles, shakes, telegraph and telephone poles, etc. 



YELLOW CEDAR OR ALASKA CEDAR. 

 (Chamcecyparis yootkatensis (Lamb.) 8pach.) 



Hardy, moisture-loving trees, ranging in altitude from sea level in Alaska 

 to six thousand feet in Oregon and Washington, and almost entirely confined 

 to moist mountain slopes west of the Cascade Range in this state. Though 

 not so large a tree as the Pacific red cedar, it yet attains a fair size, reaching 

 fifty to one hundred feet in height by two to six feet in stump diameter. It 

 attains its greatest development in the Olympic Range, Washington, and 

 about Nootka Sound, British Columbia. The branches are declined and the 

 branchlets mostly pendulous, giving the tree a dejected appearance in the 

 forest, and clearly showing its heridity and descent through countless ages 

 from a northern and more or less alpine ancestry whose snow-laden, depressed 

 branches have stamped their form on its posterity for all time. Barii of the 

 young tree reddish and shreddy, becoming checked and grey in age, when 

 it strongly resembles that of the red cedar. Cones, small, round, one-quarter 

 to one-half inches thick, maturing in two years. Male flowers, yellowish ; 

 wood, yellowish, close grained, firm and stronger than that of any other 

 cedar. It also takes a high polish, and its lasting, pungent odor causes it 

 to be prized for clothes closets, chests, etc. 



Range — Head of Umpqua Valley, Oregon, to Yakutat Bay, Alaska, north 

 latitude 59° 45^, the finest trees in Oregon occurring in the vicinity of Mount 

 Hood. , 



Vse — Finishing lumber, cabinetwork, etc. 



PORT ORFORD CEDAR. 



( C. Laicsoniana (Murr.) Pari.) 



Beautiful, ornamental, and valuable trees of very limited range, being- 

 found only on the coast of Southwestern Oregon and in a few small groves 

 in Del Norte County, California. Though strictly confined to the coast in 



