APPENDIX. ■ 457 



this state it is such a beautiful lawn tree and has proved so amenable to 

 cultivation that it has been propagated in the eastern states and Europe to 

 j^uch an extent that no fewer than sixty-eight varieties of it are already to 

 be found in nurseries and botanical gardens. The wood is more creamy iu 

 color, more aromatic and less pungent than that of the yellow cedar, and it 

 is highly prized for cabinetwork and inside finishing. When grown in 

 •open woods or on lawns the tree assumes a pyramidal shape, and this, 

 coupled with its horizontal branches and bright green foliage, combine to 

 make it a most beautiful lawn ornament. Cones, small and globular, greatly 

 resembling those of the yellow cedar in size and appeai-ance, but maturing 

 in one year. Male flowers, reddish. 



Range — Del Norte County, California, to Coos and Curry counties, Oregon. 



Use — Finishing lumber, cabinetwork, matches, broom handles, clothes 

 chests, trunks, etc. 



RED JUNIPER. 

 (Juniperus Virginiana L.) 



Small, conical trees of rare occurrence in Eastern Oregon, seldom exceed- 

 ing thirty feet in height oi- twelve inches in diameter. It is one of the four 

 (or if Retiila pupyrifcru be inckided, five) trees that cross the continent. 

 Branches and branchlets drooping. Cone, a small glaucus-blue, two-seeded 

 berry or galbulus. Sapwood, white : heartwood, red, close grained, odorous 

 and durable.* 



Ramjc — Oregon to the Atlantic States. 



U.sc— Cabinetworlv, fence posts, lead pencils, etc. 



WESTERN JUNIPER. 



(J. iiccUlenldli-i, Hook.) 



Very much larger trees than the last named and much more abundant. 

 Reach'es its greatest development both in size and quantity in Eastern 

 Oregon where individual specimens with a basal diameter of five to six feet 

 can be found. It is a tree of very slow growth, and, though usually occuring 

 in rather dry situations, it undoubtedly thrives best where a mild tempera- 

 ture and fairly humid conditions prevail. It is almost exclusively confined 

 to the eastward of the (Jascade and Sierra Nevada ranges, only a few isolated 

 patches being found to the westward in Vancouver Island, Southern Oregon 

 and California, and there can be no doubt from the small number of saplings 

 to be seen, even where there are pure groves of it, that it is slowly but 

 surely undergoing extinction fi^om some cause, probably lack of humidity. 

 Its restriction to the east of the range is not due to unfavorable climatic con- 

 ditions on the west side, but to the more rapid growth of the other conifers 

 73reventing it getting a foothold there. 



The tree bears a large quantity of berries, but a great number of them 

 are not fertile, and propagation of them appears to be very inadequate. The 

 berry is rather smaller than that of the preceding and darker blue in color. 



* It is quite possible I hut upon furtlier investigation this tree may prove to belong to 

 a closely allied species, ./. xcojiii/nrinii. 



