460 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



hundred feet by three Lo four feet in stump diameter. It usually prefers 

 moist slopes or stream banks and humid conditions, but will thrive fairly 

 well even in subhumid surroundings. The bark is comparatively thin, 

 and on the mature tree it becomes seamed and rough. Before maturing the 

 male flowers are somewhat reddish, hence the common name, red alder. 



lianyc — California to Alaska. 



Use — Buggy boxes, furniture, fuel, etc. 



HAZEL. 



{Corylus Cali/ornica (A. de ('.) HcIlcr.) 



Though only a shrub, this attains a fair height, six to twenty feet by three 

 to six inches in basal diameter, and it has several economic uses. In pioneer 

 times in this state it was the wood used for home-made brooms — the only 

 article of the kind to be had in those days — just as elm was formerly used on 

 the Atlantic Coast, and as birch is used at the present day on the Yukon. 

 To the credit of the hardy pioneer housewife be it said the humble homes of 

 those days were more cleanly swept than many of the pretentious residences 

 of the present time, where such work is considered beneath the new woman, 

 and is usually consigned to a pig-tailed celestial from the Flowery Kingdom 

 or a tow-headed kitchen autocrat from the banks of the Rhine or the Swart. 



liange — California to British Columbia. 



Ut^e — Wood for shoe-pegs, baskets, and barrel hoops. Nuts edible 



GOLDENLEAF CHINQUAPIN. 

 ( Castanopsix chrysophylla ( Hook. ) A. !>.('.) 



Handsome, medium-sized, evergreen trees, closely allied to the oaks. In 

 favorable locations it attains a height of fifty to sixty feet by ten to twenty 

 inches in basal diameter. The wood is not only valued for cabinetwork, but 

 the tree itself is well adapted for lawn ornamentation, and the nuts are edi- 

 ble. It has the misleading name of "California walnut. " 



Range — California to the Columbia River. 



Use — Furniture and cabinetwork. Nuts are edible. 



PACIFIC POST OAK. 

 (Querent Gurryana Dongl.) 



One of the white oaks usually preferring a moist, rich soil, where, under 

 favorable conditions, it attains a height of sixty to ninety feet, and basal 

 diameter of four feet. The sapwood is large in amount, and in moist situ- 

 ations the tree is a rapid grower. The bark is finely checked and light- 

 gray in color. The wood is heavy, compact and durable, and is prized for 

 inside finishing. 



Kange — California to British Columbia. 



Vse — Furniture, inside finishing, wagonwork, fuel, etc. 



CANON LIVE OAK. 

 ((J. CJn-yxol<'pis \Aehn\.) 



An evergreen tree, much smaller than the preceding, but in favorable 

 locations attaining a fair size — say fifty to seventy-five feet high, and 



