Report of Commissioner First District. 23 



budded or grafted trees at higher prices, owing to the difficulty of 

 budding or grafting. No doubt the best trees will be those budded 

 or grafted from good-bearing trees right here in the locality A\here 

 they are to be planted ; but if these cannot be obtained, there is no 

 doubt that seedlings grown from choice nuts taken from good- 

 bearing trees, preferably grafted or budded ones, will give good 

 satisfaction and yield profitable crops of marketable nuts. I will 

 not go further into the details of growing walnuts, for this nuitter 

 is fully treated in another part of this volume by Mr. J. B. Pil- 

 kington. 



There are 12 nurseries in the First District, six in Mult- 

 nomah, two in Clackamas, two in Yamhill, one each in Washing- 

 ton an Columbia. All are well conducted, and use great care to 

 grow clean stock only, true to name. I have found very little in- 

 fected or diseased stock at any time, and when found it has always 

 been fumigated or destroyed without question or delay, so that 

 buyei*s may rely upon securing clean stock. 



On the whole, in spite of many discouragements, the fruit indus- 

 try in the First Horticultural District, is in a healthy, promising 

 condition. 



As an example of fruit-growing in the Willamette Valley, the 

 Wallace orchard is worthy of special mention. 



This orchard is situated two and one-half miles northwest of 

 Salem, in Polk County, and contains 75 acres of pears, and 45 

 acres of apples. Aside from the orchard, the farm contains over 

 200 acres devoted to other crops. The varieties of pears are Bart- 

 lett, Bosc, Comice, Fall Butter, and Clairgeau; and of the apples, 

 85 acres are Spitzenburg, 15 years old, and the other 10 Baldwin, 

 nine years old. 



This year' crop was 165 tons of Bartlett pears sold to the can- 

 nery at $20 per ton, and 1,800 boxes of fall pears sold at an aver- 

 age price of $1 per box. The Spitzenburgs produced 10,000 boxes 

 of choice apples, which were sold early in the season, before they 

 had developed their splendid size and color, for $1.25 per box. 

 The Baldwins produced 700 boxes of choice apples which sold at $1 

 per box, and there were 50 tons sold to the cannery and 25 tons 

 to the cider mill. The total sales thus figure up over $18,000. The 

 expense of pruning, spraying and cultivating was about $1,000, 



