120 



Appendix. 



PLAN OF planting-Continued. 



Fig. 13. 49 trees, 32 feet apart. 



lu the loriiiei- stylo each tree is equally distant from the six ad.jacent trees 

 surrounding it : or, in other words, all ad.iacent trees are equally distant, while 

 in the latter style each tree is equally distant from only four adjacent trees. 

 Thus it will be seen that by adapting the hexagonal plan the land space is more 

 economically used ; the trees are more evenly distributed over the land. 



To lay out a piece of land on the square plan it is necessary to establish 

 two liase lines at right angles, whicli may be done by sighting along the long 

 and short arms of an ordinary carpenter's square, set upon three stakes driven at 

 the corner of the proposed plantation, and setting two rows of stakes in lines 

 coutiniied from the arms. Put the stakes as far apart as the rows are to be, 

 :ind when the stakes liave been set, in lines at right angle to each other, to the 

 limit of the piece of land to be planted, move the square to the corner diagonall.y 

 opposite the first used and run lines of stakes along the other two sides of the piece. 

 Then by using a few long stakes, two men can "line-in" the stakes for the body 

 of the plantation. The outside rows of trees ought to be at least one rod inside 

 of the fence line. If carefully done this sight staking is as good as a surveyor's 

 work for orcliard purposes. 



If the plan adojited is the hexagonal, then a somewhat more different course 

 is to be followed in the first part. Establish one base line for the first row 

 of trees. Let this I'ow be from one rod to twenty feet from the fence line. 

 (See Figs. lOa-lOb. ) Firmly drive small, one-inch square stakes wliere each 

 tree of this row is to be set. Procure a wire. No. 10 or 12 is about right weight, 

 make a fixed loop in both ends so that the distance between the extreme ends of 

 tlie loops is one inch more than the distance at which the trees are to be planted. 

 Then let A put one loop over stake one ; let B put a stake through the other 

 loop, step off toward the center of the field ; when the wire is taut, he shall 

 describe a short arc in the earth with the point of tlie stake. Let A then step 

 to stake two, row one, over which he places the loop in his end of the wire ; when 

 the wire is again drawn taut, anotlier short arc is made. Where the two arcs in- 

 tercept a stake should be driven for the first tree in row two. While A remains 

 at stake two, row one, B passes to a point at which he estimates the next stake 

 for row two should be placed, another short arc is described, and A passes to 

 stake three, row one. A second intercepting arc is made, and B places stake two 

 of row two, and so on till the row is complete. From this point other stakes may 

 be sighted in, as the two base rows will afford a good foundation. If the site is 

 rolling, the st.-ikes of these first two rows ought to be four to six feet long. 



