196 Appendix. 



Australian salt bush iAtriplcx simibaccatinn. K. Brown.) — Although 414 

 pounds of seed were sown per acre only a few scattering plants appeared. These 

 withstood hard frosts but did not survive the winter. This crop was a f.uhne 

 as a cover. 



EXl'KUIMENTS AT JI.\GNOI.IA IX 1001-2. 



The cover crops used in the bearing apple orchard of F. M. Soper were sown 

 on sandy loam which has had very little humus added by cover crops or stable 

 manure in recent years. Most of the plots contained one-eighth of an acre, a 

 sufficient area to give a fair test under existing conditions. The results are not 

 all as favorable as could be desired : this was probably due to a lack of suf- 

 ficient humus in the soil. The seed was sown July 23, 1001 ; the rate per acre 

 at which it was sown cannot be given. 



Mammoth clover. — This made a pretty good stand and fair growth, but was 

 not nearly as good as that at Newark. The ground was fairly well protected 

 during the winter. The spring growth was only fair, except in the shade of 

 the trees, where it was excellent. This crop is promising. 



Red clorer. — The red clover gave practically the same results that the 

 mammoth clover gave. 



Eijiiptlan clover. — There was a thin, poor stand with a growth of 12 to 1.") 

 inches by October 15. A month later it was killed by frost. It is of no use as a 

 cover crop. 



Crim.<ion clever. — During the fall this was about the same as the mammoth 

 clover. It survived the winter all right, made a good protection for the ground 

 and made an excellent spring growth. By May 20 it was from 1 to 2 feet high 

 and in full bloom. It gave the best results of all the cover crops in the test 

 at Magnolia. 



Alfalfa. — The growth was not satisfactory and the stand too thin to lie 

 much protection. Most of the plants lived over winter, but made only a feeble 

 growth in spring. It will be tried again. 



Australian salt hush. — This did not do as well as at Newark ; it was a fail- 

 ure. 



Hairy vetch. — The vetch made an excellent fall growth of from 12 to l."» 

 inches by October 15. The latter part of November it promised to be the best 

 crop in the experiment ; the ground was then densely covered with vigorous 

 plants. It did not show up so well in the spring, it was not thick enough. A 

 growth of 4 to 6 inches was made by April 15 and five weeks later this had 

 increased to 21^' feet with the plants in full bloom. Had the stand been better 

 in the spring the vetch would have excelled the crimson clover as a cover crop ; 

 it was, however, a decided success. This result was most encouraging and sub- 

 stantiates the opinion that hairy vetch is the e(iual of crimson clover or any 

 other plant for orchard cover crop purposes. 



Velvet hean. — It was a failure as at Newark. The growth was poor and it 

 was killed by frost in November. The seed seemed not to have germinated well. 



8oy bean. — The growth v/as rather light, although the plants were 20 inches 

 high October 10. At that time seed pods had formed and were filling a little. 

 It was fairly satisfactory until killed by frost in November. Very little remained 

 on the ground over winter 



Coivpea. — This was slightly better than the soy bean. The dead matter 

 protected the ground somewhat during the winter. 



Coichorn turnips. — The plot was seeded very heavily, and the plants crowded 

 each other so much that little growth was made. They answered the purpose 

 of a cover until killed by heavy frosts in the early part of winter. A few- 

 lived over winter, but were of no consequence. The growth in the shade beneath 

 the trees was very poor. 



Rape. — The rape did not make a satisfactory growth and was especially 

 poor beneath the trees. There was a good stand, but the growth was short. A 

 very little of it lived over winter. 



