The Beneficial Side of the Pest Question. 247 



of trunks with paper or cloth or paint them with poisoned whitewash ; to kill 

 borers dig them out in fall and spring, or use 19. 



Pear. — For scab, codling moth and San Jose scale see under apple. For 

 slug, see under cherry. For pear blight cut out and burn all diseased branches 

 Make cut several inches below where disease extends and sterilize tools frequently 

 by dipping in 29. Paint cut surfaces with 21, strong. 



Plum and Prune. — For twig-borer and root-borer see under peach. For leaf- 

 curl give good drainage, good cultivation and grow leguminous cover crops in 

 winter. For brown-rot see under cherry. 



Potato. — For scab, soak seed potatoes in .30 or 29. For potato dry-rot. or 

 blight, spray with 22 when plants are six inches high and repeat two or three 

 times at intervals of two weeks. For flea-beetles, spray with one of the food 

 poisons, 1. 2 or 3 in 22, whenever they appear. For wet-rot, plant only sound 

 seed, practice rotation of crops, destroy blighted plants as fast as they appear 

 and spray to prevent flea-beetle punctxires. 



Quince. — For leaf and fruit-spot, spray with 22 when blossom buds begin 

 to open : again when fruit has set and repeat at intervals of two weeks until 

 rainy season is over. 



Rn^spberri/. — See under blackberry. 



Rose. — For mildew spray with 28 whenever it appears. For leaf-spot spray 

 with 22 or 2.5 when spots first appear and repeat as necessary. For aphis use 

 12 or 13, or wash them off with a stream of water from the garden hose. For 

 rust, burn fallen leaves in fall : spray with 21 before buds start in spring : 

 repeat the applications, using 25 or 26, at intervals of ten to 15 days. 



tStraicbcrry. — For crown-miner and root-borer destroy infested plants before 

 May 1. For leaf-roller burn tops as soon as possible after crop is gathered. 

 For leaf-blight spray with 22 when new leaves start and repeat every ten or 

 fifteen days until blooms appear. Mow and burn tops as for leaf-roller. 



Sugar licet. — For leaf-spot or flea-beetles spray with 22 when spots or 

 beetles first appear and repeat two or three times at intervals of two weeks. 

 For cut-worms, if bad. use 8. For aphis use 12 or 13, or an abundance of very 

 fine dust. 



Tomato. — For rot or blight use 22 when disease first appears. Repeat 

 once or twice, if necessary, at intervals of ten to fifteen days. For flea-beetles 

 spray with 22 when they appear or hang papers from a string stretched ,iust 

 over the plants. 



Violet. — For blight, use 22 or 25 when it first appears. Repeat once or 

 twice at intervals Of ten or fifteen days, if necessary. 



Watermelon. — See muskmelon. 



Wheat. — For smut soak seed in 30 or 24. For Hessian fly practice late seed- 

 ing. For insects In stored grain use 19. 



THE BENEFICIAL SIDE OF THE PEST QUESTION. 



By Rev. F. Waluen, Seattle, Washington. Read before the Northwest Fruitgrowers. 



Portland, January, 1904. 



The use of the word "beneficial" in considering pests may awaken some 

 surprise. Are not pests evil, and only evil, continually? That depends. I shall 

 not contend that a pest is beneficial per se, but many kinds of evil may indirectly 

 minister to our good. In meeting the difficulties and temptations of life we may 

 be made stronger morally, mentally and physically. With any other view of 

 life it would be diflieult to account for that saying of James, the apostle. "^Fy 



