328 Appendix. 



pleasure to watch the growth and development of a young filbert orchard 

 growing within ten miles of Portland, during the past two seasons. The owner 

 planted his first trees nine years ago, and has had nuts for several years past. 

 Last year his few large trees of the Barcelona variety produced upwards of 

 fifteen pounds of nuts per tree, which, as he expresses it, pays better than prune 

 trees, and he shows his confidence in the future by planting several hundred of 

 them. 



The filbert is not generally successful in the Eastern United States, and 

 the same applies to the valley plantings in California, but the foot-hill planta- 

 tions, with their cooler and moister situations have fared better. It seems to 

 me that this is another acquisition to our varied and valuable horticulture, and 

 already it is receiving considerable attention from enthusiastic planters. 



Besides the Barcelona, the Red and White Avelene and Du Chilly are good 

 and prolific bearers. Being thin shelled they make a most desirable table nut. 

 The purple leaved variety (Corylus purpulla) is a most handsome ornamental 

 shrub, and I am told that it produces a good quality of nuts. As a whole, they 

 are hardy, prolific, come into bearing early, and absolutely free from pests, and 

 if present indications continue are destined to come into prominence. 



NUT GROWING. 



By J. B. PiLKINGTON. 



Tliat nut growing is and has been, for the past fifteen or twenty years, suc- 

 cessful in the Pacific Northwest, is no news to many patrons or horticulture, 

 l)articularly those living in the immediate vicinity of these successes, and while 

 success has often been the result of good fortune rather than of organized effort, 

 there have been failures too, so that extended planting until quite recently 

 has not advancd more rapidly. I am now referring to the walnut, the so- 

 called English walnut, which, in reality, is a native of Persia, but today, 'by 

 common consent. Persian. French and California soft shell walnuts are sold and 

 commercially known as English walnuts. But the progressive horticulturist has 

 been at work profiting by the experience of otliers and closely observing tlie result 

 of his own efforts, so that today walnut growing is receiving an immense impetus, 

 and the present planting season will see one, and perliaps many one hundred 

 acre walnut orchards. These conditions naturally bring forth many queries and 

 a man of inexperience who intends planting a few trees or a few acres wants the 

 advantage of the experienced man's learning as there seems to be but little 

 •extant literature. A few general observations will not be out of place. Of 

 primal importance is the soil and the selection of trees. As regards the soil it 

 is probably unnecessary to specify that it should be of any particular kind, 

 except that it should be good, rich, deep and above all well drained. The 

 walnut is a ranlc grower and feeder and its roots will penetrate to great depths ; 

 hence heavy wet soils, soils where there is a hard pan less than 15 or 20 feet 

 below the surface must be avoided, but as a general rule, soil that is good for 

 apples, prunes, etc.. will make good walnut land. In the selection of trees and 

 varieties, particular stress must be laid upon the fact tliat we can only hope 

 for success with what are known as the French varieties. Of tliese there are 

 many but those best known and in demand by tlie principal growers are the 

 Mayette, Franquette, Parisienne, Praeparturiens, Chaberte, and possibly a few 

 others, and when tliese varieties are better known they will be found second to 



