Appendix. 119 



the climatic or other natural conditions are such that the moth cannot 

 thrive there? May not the present immunity be accounted for on other 

 grounds? During the past six years it has been my privilege to visit sev- 

 eral of these favored sections and to note the conditions, both by ob- 

 servation and by conversation with resident fruit growers. Six or seven 

 years ago Hood River, probably the most famous apple growing region 

 in the state, was said to be practically free from this pest. Its presence in 

 small numbers was admitted by little damage had been done and little 

 fear was felt for the future. The cold evening breezes that come down 

 from the mountains were said to prevent the moths from depositing their 

 eggs. Today the mist from the spray pumps as it floats over the orchards 

 of that region demonstrates alike the progressive nature of the fruit 

 growers and the error of their former belief. 



There are still scattered here and there throughout the eastern part 

 of our state, communities that indulge in this same hope of immunity 

 from the codling moth and for the same reason. It is seriously to be 

 doubted whether their expectations have a firmer foundation of facts than 

 existed at Hood River. 



West of the Coast range of mountains there are other communities 

 which also indulge in this same hope of immunity but for other reasons. 

 There, it is not the cold breezes which come down from the mountains— 

 the breezes do not come that way — but the moisture, the temperature, the 

 "salt" or some other unknown feature of the ocean winds which kiss the 

 orchards of those regions, that is supposed to carry death and destruc- 

 tion to the codling moth and joy to the hearts of the apple growers. 



During the last few days of August and the first of September, 1899, I 

 took a hurried trip through portions of Coos county, Oregon, for the 

 special purpose of demonstrating, to my own satisfaction, the presence 

 or absence of the codling moth and in case of its absence to investigate 

 so far as the time at my command permitted, the conditions under which 

 this immunity existed. 



Leaving the railroad at Drain I went by wheel to Scottsburg, the head 

 of navigation on the Umpqua, a distance of some twenty-five or thirty 

 miles. Apple orchards along the route were visited and in every one the 

 codling moth was present. One grower, within a few miles of Scottsburg, 

 told me that it had been in his orchard about six or eight years. From 

 Scottsburg to Gardiner, I went by boat and no orchards were visited. In- 

 • deed if any exist they are probably moth free since they are separated from 

 each other by considerable distances and completely shut off from Inter- 

 course with the outside world except by boat. From Winchester, across 

 the bay from Gardiner, to Coos Bay, the road leads along the beach and 

 no orchards are present. In the immediate vicinity of Empire and Marsh- 

 field, the principal cities of the Coos Bay region, and the points at which 

 the moth would the most likely be introduced in imported fruit, no or- 

 chards were seen. Across the bay from Marshfield I visited the orchards 

 of Mr. Anton Wirth and Mr. Mcintosh. In neither of these orchards was 

 there to be found any evidence of the codling moth and Mr. Wirth in- 



