148 Report of State Board of Horticulture. 



I frequently found that when an apple rested on a limb, there was the 

 moth between the limb and the apple. To secure best results the apple 

 must be so exposed that spray-liquid can reach everj' portion of it. 



METHOD OF SPRAYING FOR THE CODLING 



MOTH. 



By Hox. Jonx D. Olwell. 



The demand is always for the best. If the fruit-grower wants a de- 

 mand for the product of his orchard, he must produce the best. He must 

 defend his orchard against all pests that prey on trees; and this is ac- 

 complished by the intelligent use of the spray pump. To do thorough 

 and successful work, the hand spray pump must be abandoned, relegated 

 to the past, like the sickle, the cradle, the flail, and other machinery of 

 primitive days. The gasoline spray machine has come to stay; it is one 

 of the greatest factors in the growing of fruit. It has practically revolu- 

 tionized spraying, being economical, rapid, and thorough. One team 

 hauls the engine, pump and tank of water of one hundred and twenty 

 gallons capacity. One team and man, with water tank on his wagon, hauls 

 water to the spraying tank — the water is transferred to the spraying 

 tank in a moment by a pump attached to and run by the engine. The 

 agitator on the spraying tank is geared by a bevel wheel, and run by a 

 small shaft and pinion, and the poison is at all times kept in solution. 

 Great care is exercised in procuring good poison, always getting that 

 which is free from raw arsenic as much as possible. As a rule, this is 

 not an easy task, as many adulterated brands are on the market. We 

 procure samples and submit them to microscopic tests, and usually no difla- 

 culty is experienced in detecting the spurious article. The quality of the 

 poison being assured, our next step is to go to work. 



The proportions of poisons are as follows: Five ounces of Paris green 

 and four ounces of London purple. We fill many small paper bags and 

 have them in readiness for the season's work. We take one of the nine- 

 ounce bags of combined poisons to one hundred and twenty gallons of 

 water — the amount contained in the supply tank. Before putting the 

 poison in the tank, it is mixed in a small amount of water, to form a 

 paste, and in that way it is thoroughly blended. It is then poured through 

 a fine sieve and strained into the supply tank, which has previously been 

 filled with water. We then take a half gallon of puttycoat of lime, made 

 from best fresh lime, and mix it with water until it is very thin. This 

 is also strained into the supply tank. The straining of the lime water is 

 for the purpose of keeping all grit that is in the lime out of the tank, that 

 would clog the valves and cut the lining of the pump. The lime is added 

 to neutralize the effects of the poison on the foliage of the trees. The 

 poison is ready and spraying commences. The early brood of moths 

 appears about the time of the opening of the apple blossom when the- 



