Appendix. 191 



California ships quite a number of her third-grade Yellow Newtowns 

 to China. Some of these are consumed by foreigners, but most of them 

 go to the Chinese fruit stands and restaurants and are eaten by the 

 Chinese. These apples are usually immature, wilted, and tasteless, and 

 Would not be eaten at home. 



The Chinese appetite is strong for fresh fruit and apples are in great 

 favor with them, and the only difficulty with a large market here for 

 apples is the ability of the masses to purchase. 



The senses of smell and taste are not fine with the average Chinaman 

 and he does not distinguish the difference between the different qualities 

 of the same variety of apples; in fact I am not sure that he would even 

 distinguish the difference in varieties. If the inferior grades of the proper 

 shipping varieties, of apples grown on the Pacific coast, could be sent 

 to China for the Chinese trade at a low cost I am convinced that an 

 extensive and permanent market can be created. There is little prospect, 

 however, of this being done until it is taken in hand by a large organ- 

 ization of apple growers. It will come as a result of organization. A 

 hundred million of Chinese can be reached from the Pacific coast of 

 America entirely by water transportation at low freight rates. This one 

 great feature of Chinese commerce is not generally understood and fully 

 appreciated. 



Ben Davis, Yellow Newtowns, and Winesaps, and similar varieties will 

 carry well to these markets. Baldwins, Spitzenbergs, Northern Spys, and 

 all of that class will not succeed. Several thousand boxes of Ben Davis 

 apples are shipped to China every year, and they invariably reach there 

 in good condition, coming from either Portland, Seattle, or Vancouver, 

 B. C. These northern routes are the best for shipping green fruits on 

 account of the lower temperature of the water and therefore less heat in 

 the hold of the vessel. 



Apple shipments for all the northern ports of China should be shipped 

 by October 1, on account of danger of freezing if arriving late in the 

 season. If apples reach North China in good condition they will keep 

 well there on account of the dry, cold climate. 



RUSSIANS ON THE PACIFIC. 



In this connection I wish to emphasize the fact that Russia is already 

 on the Pacific, having built three important cities within the last few 

 years, viz.: Vladivostock, Port Arthur, and Dalny. They will continue 

 to come in increasing numbers, and in a few years or by the time that 

 orchards now being planted in Oregon begin to bear fruit, their naval, 

 military, merchant marine, commercial, and industrial numbers will be 

 enormous, and the Russians are great lovers of apples. 



I have had the pleasure of presenting some of my apples to Russian 

 friends and their enjoyment of them and praise has been to be a source 

 of wonder. 



APPLES IN JAPAN. 



A trip through Japan in October opened my eyes to the possibility of 

 apples growing there. I found all the markets supplied with a fair quality 



