192 Report of State Board of Horticulture. 



of apples grown in the northern part of Japan. From what I saw I am 

 convinced that splendid apples can be grown in Japan, and some day 

 she will be our competitor in the Oriental markets with this fruit. 



The most serious difficulty they have to contend with is the black 

 fungus, differing little from the apple scab of Oregon, due no doubt to 

 the conditions of severe moisture. I saw very few apples free from it, 

 and most of these would be unsalable in our country. 



FOREI&N MARKETS FOR OREGON FRUIT, 



PAPER READ AT NORTHWEST FRUITGROWERS' CONVENTION, 



JANUARY 28 AND 29, 1902. 



By John D. Olwell, Central Point, Oregon. 



The question seems to be, not so much demand as supply. The pros- 

 pects for foreign markets are very flattering. We have received the best 

 prices possible for our fruit the past few years, and there is no reason why 

 we shall not do so in the future. Growers must bear in mind that the 

 maintaining of high prices depends entirely upon themselves. First, they 

 must raise such fruit as is in demand, free from blemishes, of good color, 

 and above all, of the best keeping and carrying qualities. Then, honesty 

 in assorting and packing, coupled with a desire to give the consumer value 

 for his money, will get compensation prices. 



With the added experience and better judgment that is being exercised 

 on the part of the grower in the planting, cultivating, harvesting, packing, 

 and marketing, the outlook was never brighter for the fresh fruit industry. 



Our export trade has in it possibilities of development far beyond 

 present comprehension. The apple consumers of the world are rapidly 

 increasing in numbers, through improved transportation facilities, and 

 markets hitherto unknown to us are opening up on every side. Many 

 apples are shipped each year from the Pacific coast states to Australia, 

 the Winesap meeting with much favor there, "though nearly all good- 

 keeping red varieties are in demand." The shipments to China and Japan 

 have not as yet been very heavy, our prices having been too high for the 

 general masses of their people. However, the Asiatic demand may grow 

 when our apples are more thoroughly introduced. Within the past two 

 or three years quite a market has opened up in Siberia for Pacific coast 

 apples, and many varieties have found ready sale. 



It must not be lost sight of that it is necessary to grow "hard apples" 

 for export; in other words, such varieties as will stand ocean transpor- 

 tation. To Germany and France we ship many red varieties and some 

 Yellow Newtowns. In England the choice is entirely Yellow Newtowns. 

 The Newtown might well be called "The Salt W^ater Apple," for it carries 

 better than all others. The apples from the Pacific Coast must hold the 

 premier place in the world's markets, especially those from the higher 



