214 Report of State Board of Horticulture. 



There are many styles of training, each adapted to some particular condi- 

 tions, but with air, liberal and effective pruning must be followed if one 

 is to secure good returns from his plantings. The generally accepted sys- 

 tem of training for the American varieties is the trellis, while for the 

 European varieties the stump system is as commonly practiced. In either 

 instance well considered methods of pruning are adopted by the most 

 successful growers. The method of pruning will depend upon the sys- 

 tem of training. Undoubtedly for the general home grower the trellis 

 will be the more suitable. This method, while involving a greater 

 original outlay, has the advantage of requiring less after-attention, an 

 important point with the one who grows this fruit as an incidental crop. 

 The details of pruning are fully treated in the separate articles following. 

 The articles by Messrs. Coolidge, Broetje and Newell have been specially 

 prepared for this bulletin. These men have all been successful growers 

 of the grape and give the benefits of their experience in such a way that 

 the home-builder, and other persons interested in this fruit, may readily 

 grasp the important and essential features of grape culture both for 

 home and commercial purposes. The different localities represented by 

 these writers include the principal sections of Western Oregon, in which 

 the grape may be successfully grown. 



PESTS. 



Like all other cultivated fruits the grape has its enemies, but thus far 

 they cannot be considered serious drawbacks to its culture in Oregon. 

 The powdery mildew appears in nearly every section of Western Oregon 

 one year with another, but this is no longer held to be a serious pest 

 and only menaces the crop of the home grower, for the commercial vine- 

 yardist duly attends to the work of applying the simple remedies pre- 

 scribed for this trouble. 



While the flowers of sulphur is still used as a remedy against this 

 trouble by many growers, the more progressive commercial vineyardists 

 are recommending the Bordeaux mixture for early applications and the 

 ammoniacal solution for the later applications. 



The ease with which the sulphur can be applied, and there being no 

 compounding necessary, it probably will continue to be used for some 

 time yet by the home grower in preference to the more complex copper 

 solutions. Though if one be provided with a spraying outfit, it will no 

 doubt be better to use the liquid preparations, since the same solution 

 used for mildew on the grape may be used for various other fungous 

 pests. Lodeman* advises four applications: First, about a week before 

 the blossoms open; second, about a week before the blossoms fall; third, 

 two weeks after second application; fourth, sometime between two and 



* Bulletin 76. Cornell. 



t Professor Bailey in his "Evolution of Our Native Fruits" niakes this state- 

 ment in connection with a discussion of Vitis labrusca: "In Its wild state it is 

 very variable in size, color, and quality of fruit, and in size of cluster. Its berries 

 tend to fall from the stem, and the 'shelling' of grapes in vineyards may be a 

 lingering of this ancestral trait." 



