Appendix. 215 



four weeks after the third application. Formulae for making both Bor- 

 deaux and ammoniacal solutions are to be found in bulletin 28 of this 

 station. 



The effectiveness of this sulphur remedy depends largely upon the tem- 

 perature at the time at which the application is made. If the weather 

 is warm much better results are had than when rain, or cold cloudy con- 

 ditions follow. The material should be dusted over both leaves and fruit 

 and the first application may be made when the mildew first appears; 

 the second, in about two weeks, and future applications will depend upon 

 the climatic conditions, and the persistence of the fungus. 



Lately, since '98, some growers have reported the trouble known as 

 "rattling" or "shelling." This trouble affects the fruit in such a way that 

 it falls prematurely. In many instances not only is that part of the 

 fruit which falls lost, but the beauty of the cluster being destroyed its 

 market value is reduced and thereby even a greater loss is sustained. 



In 1894, Lodeman gave this subject considerable attention and in bulle- 

 tin 76 of Cornell, said: "It would appear that one cause which lies at 

 the bottom of the trouble is defective nourishment, and all influences which 

 aggrevate this condition may be considered as indirect or exciting causes." 

 The subject needs further attention before a remedy can be proposed, as 

 the real cause is yet to be ascertained.;- 



The mongolian, or Denny, pheasant is held by some growers to be as 

 much of a pest in the vineyard as any of the fungi or insects. Being a 

 shrewd bird he manages to secrete himself beneath the foliage and eat 

 and destroy large quantities of the fruit. The damaged clusters often 

 presenting the appearance, to the casual observer, of "rattles" cause much 

 loss to the grower of fine fruit. Vigilance and a trusty shotgun would 

 appear to be the only really efficient remedies against this foe of choice 

 fruit. 



The robin is likewise credited with doing serious injury to the grape 

 crop, especially in the vicinity of Portland. His case is the more serious, 

 since, in numbers, he greatly outranks the pheasant, and is generally 

 held to be a friend rather than a foe, for the accepted reason that he de- 

 stroyes large numbers of injurious insects, while at the same time there 

 is no inducement to kill him for game purposes as in the case of the 

 pheasant. 



VARIETIES ON THE STATION GROUNDS. 



The following varieties have been growing on the station farm since 

 1890. The records show that in all this time, though the vines have grown 

 vigorously, and fruited abundantly, little mature fruit has been har- 

 vested. 



Allen Hybrid, Amber Queen, August Giant, Agawam. 



Burgundy, Boz, Brighton, Black Malvoisie, Black Hamburg, Black 

 Eagle. 



Concord Muscat, Campbell Early, Caserio Nori, Concord, Catawba, 

 Creveilnor. \ 



