above sea-level, and best near the sea. A common opinion, for 

 which there must be some ground, is that the vine never does 

 well on high ground in the interior. In England most, if not all, 

 the °reat grape growing establishments are little above sea-level. 

 The probable reason may be the more even temperature as between 

 day and night that prevails on the low lands as compared with 

 the hills. During the twelve months of the year the vines can 

 bear very wide divergences of temperature, but a difference of 10° 

 to 15° is all that they can endure with safety as between noon and 

 night. There is also a considerable difference in the adaptability 

 of varieties for special localities." 



Mr. Cradwick writes — " My present opinion is, and in this I am 

 borne out by that eminent grape grower, the Rev. W. Griffith, that 

 the hot lowlands near the sea are the places peculiarly adapted 

 for grape growing, and that the elevation of Hope, 600-700 feet, 

 is much against it." 



PREPARATION OF THE BORDER. 



Mr. Cradwick writes as follows : — " Dig out a trench four feet 

 wide, and two and a half feet deep, the length to be regulated by 

 the number of vines to be planted. In digging out the trench be 

 careful to separate the good top soil from the subsoil if the latter 

 be clay, sand or any such material which contains no plant 

 food. When the trench has been dug to the required depth return 

 the good top soil to the bottom of the trench ; place on the top 

 of this, if possible, a layer of good rotten cow manure six 

 inches deep ; to this may be added charcoal, wood-ashes, bones, 

 and spent lime, forming a layer two inches thick : fill up the 

 trench with good ordinary soil and give the whole a soaking 

 of water, allowing two or three days to pass before planting. 



"Vines must be planted in an open situation at least one hun- 

 dred feet from any large tree, and the border should have a 

 southern or south-eastern aspect, quite free from shade as the 

 early morning sun is indispensable." 



The Rev. Mr. Griffith writes : — "Before the vine is planned the 

 soil should be well broken up to the depth of eighteen to twenty- 

 four inches. The deeper and broader the tillage, the larger the 

 root run, the ampler will be the food supply and the more vigorous 

 your vine. Some well rotted stable manure, wood ashes, broken 

 bones and lime rubbish added at the time the ground is prepared 

 will be of lasting service." 



Mr. W. J. Thompson writes : — "To give the vine a good start a 

 pit six feet square and eighteen inches deep should be dug. If 

 the soil is of a stiff nature add one-fifth sand, one-fifth burnt rub- 

 bish and a cart-load of short stable manure, mixing the whole up 

 thoroughly, watering the mixture if dry, then filling up the pit with 

 it, and allowing it to settle for a week before planting. It is not 

 advisable to plant vines in ground that has not been dug or trenched 

 to a depth of eighteen inches." 



