Below the trees the undergrowth consists chiefly of the sap- 

 lings but mixed in, one finds, on rough steep slopes, near the 

 streams, a few specimens of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia 

 Linn.; flame azalea, Rhododendron calendulaceum Torr.; pinkster 

 flower, R. nudfllorum Torr. ; black haw. Viburnum prunifolium Linn. ; 

 Hercules club, Aralia spinosa Linn.; small buckeye, Aesculus 

 parviflora Walt.; horse sugar, Symplocus tinctoria L'Her.; sweet 

 scented shrub, Calycanthus Uoridus Linn.; strawberry bush, 

 Euonymus americanus Linn.; itea, Ilea virginica Linn.; red bud, 

 Cercis canadensis Linn. 



Sumac, Rhus glabra Linn. ; wild plum, Prunus americana Marsh. ; 

 sassafras, Sassafras officinale Nees.; wild cherry, Prunus serotina 

 Ehrh.; and hawthorn, Crataegus sp., are found on higher ground 

 often in small associations, this is especially true of wild plum. 

 On the slopes of our woodland ravines the herbaceous plants 

 catch and hold the eye with keenest interest throughout the year. 

 In the earliest spring before the trees have put out any signs of 

 spring one, when climbing over the wooded slopes, is delighted 

 at the sight of the liver-leaf, Hepatica triloba Chaix., which is 



"bravely holding its head above the brown leaves, that have pro- 

 tected it during the winter. Later the rue anemone, Anemonella 

 thaUctroides Spach, appears and pretty soon the colonies of wake 

 robin, Trillium sessile Linn, spring up. As the spring grows 

 older other plants in this location appear, such as Obolaria vir- 

 ginica Linn.; Indian cucumber, Medeola virginica Linn.; bell 

 wort, Uvularia perfoUata Linn.; Solomon's seal, Polygonatum 

 biflorum Ell.; false Solomon's seal, Sniilacina racemosa Desf.; 

 blood root, Sanguinaria canadense Linn. ; may apple, Podophy- 

 lum peltatum Linn.; atamasco lily, Zephyranthes atamasco Herb.; 

 trailing arbutus, Epigaea repens Linn. ; yellow star grass, Hypoxis 



' erecta Linn.; wild cranesbill. Geranium maculatum Linn.; downy 

 yellow violet, Viola pubescens Ait.; halbert leaved violet, Viola 

 hastata Michx. ; violet wood sorrel, Oxalis violacea Linn.; false 

 tiiitre wort, Tiarella cordifolia Linn.; robin's plantain, Erigeron 

 bellidijolius Muhl.; galax, Galax aphylla Linn.; blue gentian, 



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