142 BULLETIN JARD. BOT. BUITENZORG, SÉRIE III, VOL. V. LiVR. 2 



Text Figure 56. 



A — diwakkawaka fruit natural size, B — longitudinal section of thick- 

 siielled form. C — a cross section thick-shelled form. D — cross section ofa 

 medium-shelled form. E — cross section of a thin-shelled form. 



The phenomena of accessory floral parts or modifiée! floral parts are 

 too well known to need discussion hère. The palm fruit with the accessory 

 stérile carpels is nierely a case of what is coinmoiily called doubling and 

 certainly such a -case of floral modification deserves no spécifie rank. 

 If such characters are diagnostic characters for species then ail the terato" 

 logical forms listed, and thèse are légion, must also be raised to spécifie 

 rank. 



Text Figures 56, A, B, C, D, and E show the external appearance 

 of such a fruit, a longitudinal and cross section of a thick-shelled form, 

 a cross section of a médium thick-shelled form, and a cross section of a 

 thin-shelled form respectively. The longitudinal sections of the last two 

 forms are, with the exeption of the shell-thickness, like the longitudinal 

 section shown in Figure B. 



Distribution of the fibres. 



The distribution of the dark colored fibres can be readily studied in 

 the shell-less fruit — the pisfera form. By cutting sections at various levels 

 beginning at the base and at intervais until the tip is reached, they can be 

 traced. (Figure 70, Plate VIII) is a section near the base of the fruit. The 

 dark fibres are grouped together in the center of the section, the lighter 

 colored ones are distributed irregularly through the pericarp. A little higher 

 up thèse dark fibres begin to separate and they are seen in the following 

 section. Figure 71, in the form of a circle surrounding the outlines of the 

 three carpels, which are represented hère as three circles within the larger 

 one. In Figure 72, a still higher section, this is brought out more distinctly. 

 Hère the dark fibres are seen in the form of a circle and as three radii 

 dividing the circle into equal sectors. In the following section (Figure 73) 

 the three opercula, in the form of crescent like structures appear, only one 

 however, as we shall see later, develops completely. The iiext two figures 

 (Figures 74 and 75) show sections through the single endosperm, the em- 

 bryo within the endosperm and its relation to the operculum. In thèse last 



