352 OHIO BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 



into consideration the microscopes which they employed and the 

 extent of the systematic territory which they attempted to cover. 



During the present period careful systematic studies of the 

 Euglenoidina began with Butschli, 1883, in Bronn's, "Classen und 

 Ordnungen des Tierreichs." Senn in 1900 reviewed the genera 

 of the group (Euglenineae) in connection with Engler-Prant's 

 "Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien," giving excellent illustrations 

 of representatives of each genus with tables of genera. The paper 

 by Dangeard, 1902, entitled "Recherches sur les Eugleniens," 

 formed a most valuable contribution to the literature on the group, 

 covering both the systematic and structural parts, omitting largely, 

 however, the family Peranemidae. From a systematic side it 

 could well be criticized by the lack of conciseness so essential to 

 papers dealing with the problems of classification. Species were 

 enumerated, although no tables for the separation of either genera 

 or species were included, a serious oversight in a modern sys- 

 tematic work. A table of contents as well as an index was also 

 lacking. 



Lemmermann in 1913 presented as a part of Pascher's "Die 

 Siisswasserflora Deutschlands, Osterreichs und der Schweiz" a re- 

 view of the "Eugleninae" (Euglenoidina) with excellent figures 

 of nearly all species described. 



(b) PRINCIPAL CHARACTERS. 



Following Klebs the order is separated into three families, 

 the Euglenidae, which obtain their nourishment primarily by the 

 action of sunlight in connection with chlorophyl (holophytic), and 

 the Astasiidae and Peranemidae, which obtain their nourishment by 

 the absorption of organic substances through the surface of the 

 body (saprophytic or saprozoic). 



Without entering into any argument as to the relative position 

 of the Euglenoidina among animals and plants, the termination 

 -idae has been used with the family names in accordance with 

 Zoological classification. 



The principal characters utilized for the purposes of classifi- 

 cation are the form of the cell — radial, bilateral, elongate, spher- 

 ical, broad, fusiform, provided with a collar which may be notched 



