18 



to be 50 feet (15 meters) in height, with trunks 6 inches to 1 foot (15 

 to 30 cm.) in diameter. The wood is very durable and is on that 

 account prized for fence posts and railway ties, for foundation walls, 

 and for making shingles. The wood itself is rather coarse, yellow 

 brown, and is free from resin ducts. The trees are grown as orna- 

 mental trees, particularly in the form of hedges. 



WHITE PINE. 



The White Pine, Pinus 8trohxis L., once so large a factor in the lum- 

 ber industry of the New England States, is now comparativeh' rare as 

 mature timber. It is subject to a number of diseases which will be 

 treated of in a special paper. It is left out of consideration on that 

 account in the present report. 



TAMARACK. 



The Larch, or Tamarack, Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch (Z. ameri- 

 cana Michaux),^ is a tall, stateh^ forest tree which is found growing 

 with the White Pine and Spruce and in some sections forms extensive 

 forests, especially in low swampy lands. It grows throughout the 

 Northern States, ranging from Maine westward to the western slopes of 

 the Rocky Mountains, and southward to northern Pennsylvania, Indi- 

 ana, and Illinois, and to central Minnesota. As an ornamental tree it 

 is highly prized because of its graceful habit and thrifty growth. The 

 wood of the Tamarack is extensivel}' used in shipbuilding, for railway 

 ties, and telegraph poles. It is veiy durable and hard. Compared with 

 the AVhite Oak, it has a crushing strength of 1.38. Dudle}'" sa3^s of it: 



The quality of the wood of this tree is such that it deserves to be widely known 

 and more extensively used for ties than it has been. * * * The wood is easily 

 treated with antisejitics to prevent decay, especially with sulphate or acetate of iron, 

 and ties so treated have lasted over thirty years under heavy traffic. 



POIiYPORUS SCHWEINITZII Fr. 



Polyporus schweinitzii Fr., Syst. 1 :351. 

 Polyporus schweinitzii Fr. , Epic. 433. 

 Boletus sistotremoides Alb. and Schw., 243. 



[Figured in Fries's Icon. Hyni. No. 179.] 

 OCCURRENCE. 



This fungus is one which is very common throughout the Northern 

 forests on the Spruce and Fir, and, as Dr. Farlow remarks,'' appears 

 to be very much more prevalent in this country than in Europe.* It 

 certainly stands near the top of the list in point of destructiveness. 



1 Sargent, C. S. Silva of North America. 12:7. 1898. 

 ^Dudley, P. H. Bui. No. 1, Division of Forestry. Ajjpendix I. 51. 

 "Sargent, C. S. Silva of North America. 11:11. 1897. 



''Hartig (Lehrbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten. 177. 1900) says it occurs only on 

 Pines. 



