39 



this color rcsoiiihlod tawin' olive, but was paler. On the thirty-second 

 da}' it was still only a pale brown. After 69 days the color of this 

 pigment was between Ridgwa3^'s russet and burnt umber. 



Bdc/Uux <(i)iylovo7'us made only a moderate g-rowth on this substratum, 

 and produced no brown stain, but developed an acid. 



After a 3'ear or two this test of Ps. hy acini hi was repeated at 20° to 

 25*^ C, using yellow globe turnips (a rough-leaved, nonglaucous sort). 

 On the third day 5 sq. cm. of the slant surface was covered with a 

 smooth, wet-shining slime, which was abundant enough to hide the 

 sul)stratum. On the seventh day there was a copious yellow, smooth, 

 wet-shining growth over the whole cylinder and in the water, but no 

 browning- of the substratum. On the eighteenth day the fluid was so 

 full of the yellow slime that it would not flow when turned bottom up, 

 and there was a slight browning of the upper part of the substratum. 

 On the twent}' -seventh day there was a distinct pale-brown stain in the 

 upper part of the substratum. On the thirty-fourth day the slime 

 was neutral to neutral litmus paper. On the fiftieth day the color was 

 between 1)urnt imi})er and mummy brown, and the fluid was grown solid 

 with the yelloM^-brown bacteria. On the sixty-fourth day the color of 

 the substratum was burnt umber. The culture had a faint, peculiar 

 smell. The outline of the substratum was preserved, but on being 

 removed from the tube it was mushy soft to the fingers, and even to a 

 piece of litmus paper which could be thrust into it. The substance 

 was feebly alkalin(\ throughout. There were some involution forms, 

 but nothing resembling spores. Large crystals were present. 



No starch remained, if any was originally present. The middle 

 lamella was dissolved or greatly softened. The cell wall proper (of 

 the turnip) was apparently intact, but for the most part the contents 

 of the cells were gone, although some large and small rings of dou))tful 

 origin remained. With Russow's cellulose test many of these cells of 

 the substratum did not stain at all, a few became deep blue, and a few 

 deep purple. In most, the walls remained colorless, but the contents 

 of the cells reacted pale blue. Corresponding results were obtained 

 with chlor-iodide of zinc. The contents of the cells frequently became 

 blue while the walls remained colorless or turned to brown or reddish 

 brown. Doubt was thrown on these results, however, by the behavior 

 of the check tul)es, which also gave an uncertain cellulose reaction 

 with these reagents; i. e., cell walls purplish in the chlor-iodidc of 

 zinc (on long soaking), and bright blue only in a few cells and parts of 

 cells with Russow's test. 



Ps. campestris also made a prompt and copious growth on this sub- 

 stratum, but there were some difl'erences. On the seventh day the 

 growth, while very abundant, was scarcely distinguishable in color 

 from the substratum; i. e., it was plainly less yellow than that of P.h. 

 hyacinthi. At this date the fluid was grown full of the bacteria 



