(62) 



1432. Guadeloupe vanilla. — Produced on the Island of Guadeloupe. 



1433. Vanilla grown in Australia. 



1434. Comoris vanilla. Grown in the Comora Islands, West Africa. 



1435. Tahiti vanilla, German bundling. 



1436. The same, native bundling. 



1437. The same, French bundling. 



1438. Venezuelan wild vanilla. — Probably the product of Vanilla Pompona 



Scheide. 



1439. Pompona vanilla. Pompons. The product of the preceding species, col- 



lected from wild plants in Mexico. 



1440. Vanillones. — Vanilla produced from an undetermined wild species of Mexico. 



Numbers 1441-1447 represent vanilla substitutes. 

 1 440. 1. Vanilla syrup. Syrup flavored with vanilla. Presented by the J. 

 Hungerford Smith Company, of Rochester, New York. 



1441. Tonka, or Tonquin, bean. Dipteryx. — The specially cured seed of several 



species of Coumarouna {Fabaceae — Pea Family). Native of tropical 

 America and cultivated. Tonka-bean contains the odorous principle 

 coumarin, very similar to vanillin, and therefore used largely as a vanilla 

 substitute. Coumarin occurs also in many other plants, a number of 

 which are here exhibited. 



1442. Coumarin. Cumarin. Cumaric anhydride. Tonka-bean camphor. The 



flavoring constituent of Tonka-bean, and also occurring in many other 

 plants. 



1443. The same in the crude or unrefined state. 



1444. Sweet-scented vernal grass. Vanilla grass. (See number 285.) 



1445. Yellow melilot or sweet clover. Hart's clover. King's clover. The herbage 



of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. {Fabaceae — Pea Family). Native of 

 Europe and Asia and naturalized in the United States. Contains coumarin. 



1446. White sweet clover. — The herbage of Melilotus alba Desv. Similar to the 



preceding. 



1447. Deer-tongue leaves. Vanilla leaf. — The leaves of Trilisia odoratissima 



(Walt.) Cass. (Carduaceae — Thistle Family). Native of the southeastern 

 United States. Contains coumarin. 

 1448-1473. 23 Products of the pepper plant, Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae — Pepper 

 Family). Native of the East Indies and cultivated in tropical countries. 

 This plant is a woody climber, creeping over the ground and sending up 

 stems which climb the neighboring trees or the poles placed for them to 

 grow upon. The fruits grow in racemes or strings somewhat like currants. 

 For producing black pepper, they are allowed to become nearly ripe, when 

 they are of a yellowish-red color. They are then gathered, stripped from 

 their stems, and dried in the sun. The outer portion is fleshy, like that of a 

 cherry, inside of which is a stone like a cherry stone, containing a single seed. 

 For the making of white pepper, any one of three methods may be 

 employed. First, the fruits may be gathered and dried while they are still 

 very young and green. Second, the pulpy covering of the stone may be 

 rubbed off while the fruit is still fresh, this dried stone constituting the 



23 Unless otherwise specified, the remaining specimens in this spice collection 

 were presented by Francis H. Leggett & Company, of New York City. 



