(ioo) 



2204. The same, finely broken. 



2205. The same powdered. 



2206. Another sample of the leaves, more finely powdered. 



2207. The mate prepared for use by a special process. 



2208. Implements used in preparing and drinking the beverage mate. 



2209. Indian black draught. Cassena. — The leaves of Ilex vomitoria Ait. (Same 



family as last). Native of the southeastern United States. These leaves 

 contain a fraction of one per cent, of caffeine and were largely used by the 

 aborigines in a beverage that produced the stimulating effects of tea and 

 coffee. 



2210. Guarana. — A dried paste consisting chiefly of the kernels of the seeds of 



Paullinia Cupana Kunth. (Sapindaceae — Soap-berry Family), native and 

 cultivated in tropical South America, — roasted, crushed, and moulded into 

 forms. These seeds contain a larger percentage of caffeine, or guaranine, 

 than any other known substance, and guarana is a stimulating beverage 

 like tea and coffee, but far more powerful. The beverage is made either 

 by infusion, like tea and coffee, or more often by stirring the powder in 

 cold water. Like tea and coffee, it is a habit-forming drug and tends 

 when used in excess to destroy the central nervous organization, produc- 

 ing palsy in various forms and degrees. 



221 1. New Jersey tea. Ceanothus. — The leaves of Ceanothus amerianus L. 



(Rhamnaceae — Buckthorn Family). Native of eastern North America. 

 It is said that the patriotic citizens of New Jersey used these leaves as a tea 

 substitute during the Revolutionary embargo on tea. These leaves do not 

 contain caffeine nor any principle having similar properties. Collected 

 by H. H. Rusby at Upper Montclair, New Jersey. 



2212. Another sample of the same. Same donor. 



Coffee 



Coffee is the roasted ripe seed of several species of Cojfea, 

 almost all C. arabica L. {Rubiaceae — Madder Family), 

 native of the Orient and now cultivated in all tropical 

 countries. The plant is a shrub, bearing an abundance of 

 deep-green glossy leaves and in their axils clusters of large, 

 white, handsome, and fragrant flowers. The flowers are 

 succeeded by berry-like fruits, each containing two seeds. 

 These seeds are freed from pulp and cleansed, after which 

 a thin, tough covering, technically known as "parchment," 

 is removed. They are then roasted so as to develop their 

 aroma and flavor, and to render them brittle and easily 

 ground, after which they are ground for use in the well- 

 known way. Coffee varies greatly in its percentage of 

 caffeine, from 1.5 to 3.5 per cent., and consequently in 



