16 



(c.) Carbolic acid, in the proportion of 1 part of crude acid to 

 1 part of water. This ma) T be used to paint the wound or 

 sprayed on the roots when diluted in the proportion of 1 

 to 5. 



(d.) Sulphur wash. This is generally a useful preparation, and 

 consists of flowers of sulphur and caustic soda. To make 

 a stock solution, place .'!<dbs. of flowers of sulphur in a 

 -wooden vessel and mix it with sufficient water (about 12 

 quarts) to make a stiff paste. Add to this 201bs. of finely 

 powdered caustic soda, and mix thoroughly by vigorous 

 stirring. The mass becomes hot. turns brown, boils, and 

 liquefies in a few moments. When the violent boiling has 

 ceased, add water to bring it up to 20 gallons, and strain 

 into a barrel, which can be kept tightly corked. 



Formula — Flowers of sulphur... ... ... 30 lbs. 



Caustic soda (NaHO) ... ... 20 lbs. 



Water ... ... ... ... 20 gallons. 



For covering wounds. 1 part of this stock solution is to be added 

 to 1 part of water, and for spraying the roots 1 part to 1" parts of 

 water. 



Even coal tar has been used as a dressing. 



3. As imperfect draining prevents the proper aeration of the soil, 

 and as this seems to favour the development of the fungus, the 

 removal of the soil and the exposure of the roots to the air will often 

 of itself prove effectual. In removing the soil, care should be taken 

 not to injure the healthy roots, and a few pounds of slacked lime 

 might be applied. Proper drainage of the soil is thus a good preven- 

 tive of the disease. 



4. As highly nitrogenous organic manures seem to encourage the 

 fungus or predispose the tree to its attacks, avoid them. 



5. Avoid close planting , as the excessive shade thus produced is 

 favourable to the fungus, apart from its injurious effect upon the trees. 



6. Transplanting badly affected trees and giving them plenty of 

 room has also been found beneficial. 



7. Avoid deep ploughing close to the tree, as the roots are there- 

 by often injured, and the entrance of the parasitic fungus encouraged. 



8. Generally speaking, whatever encourages the healthy growth 

 of the trees should be attended to, and whatever weakens their 

 vitality should be avoided. As citrus trees are very sensitive to water 

 lodging al the roots, irrigation should be used in moderation, and if 

 water is allowed to flood the whole surface, the germs of the disease 

 may readily be transferred from one tree to another, and the drainage 

 -bonld be good in order to provide for the perfect aeration and the 

 equalisation of the temperature of the soil. Deep planting and deep 

 cultivation should be avoided, and too close planting prevents the 



access of light and the proper development of feeding roots. — 

 Journal Jamaica Agricultural Society. 



