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The Bulletin 



and hummocky areas near the stream channels and few depressions ad- 

 joining the uplands. The natural surface drainage is poor, and much 

 of the land is subject to overflow during freshets. Ditching and occa- 

 sional diking is necessary for the drainage and reclamation of this 

 land in order to restore it to the position of agricultural utilization. 

 The material is derived from the soils of the Piedmont Region, and 

 some admixture of the Appalachian has been washed down and de- 

 posited by the streams, thus building up flat alluvial lands. Small 

 mica scales are characteristic of this series, and are distributed through- 

 out both the soil and subsoil in many areas. These soils are naturally 

 very productive, but have no very extensive development occurring in 

 narrow belts along the rivers and streams. Yields of from 50 to 100 

 bushels of corn per acre are not unusual for the Congaree soils. 



The following types are represented in the Congaree Series : fine sand, 

 find sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay loam and clay. 



CONGAREE FINE SAND. 



The Congaree fine sand consists of 6 to 10 inches of grayish brown 

 to chocolate brown fine sand or loamy fine sand, underlain by fine sand 

 or loamy fine sand of a slightly darker color than the surface soil. In 

 a few localities a fine sand or silty loam is encountered at a depth of 

 about 2 feet. The soil has an uniformly mellow structure, and is very 

 easy to cultivate. The soil is well suited to the production of com, oats, 

 cotton and Avatermelons. Owing to the fact that it is better drained, 

 the Congaree fine sand is a more desirable soil for the production of 

 cotton and watermelons than the Congaree loam. 



CONGAREE FINE SANDY LOAM. 



The surface soil of this type is a light brown, chocolate brown, or 

 reddish brown fine sandy loam, varying in depth from about 8 to 15 

 inches. The subsoil, extending to the depth of 3 feet or more, is some- 

 what variable in texture, but is generally a fine sandy loam or silty 

 loam, being more compact than the surface soil. The surface soil is 

 mellow and friable, and works up into a good loose tilth. The texture is 

 such that excellent capillary action is established, and the supply of 

 moisture is adequate for crops. This soil is well suited to the produc- 

 tion of corn, oats, pumpkins, rye and watermelons, and in the southern 

 part of the State, to cotton. 



