The Bulletin. 39 



has been worked out, but we have used the following with excellent 

 results against the gray Cabbage-louse, which often infests cabbage and 

 turnips in the spring, and no doubt the same strength would be effectual 

 against the Black Peach Aphis and the Green Apple Aphis, which often 

 infest the young growth of peach and apple trees in spring and early 

 summer : 



Laundry soap : 1^ pounds. 



Water 4' gallons. 



The soap should preferably be of a cheap grade which contains plenty 

 of lye. It is shaved into thin pieces in about 2 gallons of water, which 

 is then heated to boiling over the fire. Stir vigorously to thoroughly dis- 

 solve the soap. Then add 2 gallons of cold water (or more, if needed, 

 so as to make 4 gallons in all) and spray while it is still warm. 



This is such a simple preparation, so cheap and easy to prepare that, 

 if needed, several applications can be made. It must be remembered that 

 it (like the Kerosene Emulsion) only affects those insects that are actu- 

 ally wetted by it, hence the application must be very thorough. 



We have used ordinary laundry soap and water as a remedy for San 

 Jose Scale, prepared in the same way, but using 1 pound of soap to 1 

 gallon of water — but at this strength it should be used only in winter, or 

 at least while there is no fruit or foliage on the trees. 



^&^ 



SPRAYING CHEMICALS.* 



Lime. — This can usually be had in any village at very cheap rates. 

 For spraying work it should be the fresh unslaked (or "stone") lime. 

 If this cannot be had, the powdered air-slaked lime can be used, but must 

 be carefully sifted and lumps crushed, and twice as much by weight 

 should be used as is recommended for the stone lime. Fresh lime should 

 cost from $1 to $1.20 per barrel. 



Bluestone. — This may be had at any drug store, but can be had more 

 cheaply by ordering in large quantity from some wholesale, firm which 

 makes a specialty of handling spraying chemicals. At retail it costs from 

 fifteen to twenty-five cents per pound ; when purchased in quantity, eight 

 to twelve cents. 



Paris Green. — This well-known poison can be found in most general 

 stores in the country, where it retails at twenty-five to forty cents per 

 pound. In quantity it can be had at cheaper rates. 



Arsenate of Lead. — This is a newer poison than Paris Green, and is 

 used for the same purposes. It costs less per pound (fifteen to twenty- 

 five cents), but as much greater quantity is used, it is actually more ex- 

 pensive. It has the advantage, however, of not settling to the bottom so 

 quickly, and that it can be used on very delicate foliage (such as peach) 



*The prices of materials as here given are for the general information of the reader, 

 and refer to normal times. 



