The Bulletin. 11 



of potash; so tliat these ingredients could be omitted or lessened when 

 thej were available, and by the experiments on the test farms informa- 

 tion could be obtained. 



The State has seven test farms on different types of soil, the under- 

 lying rock generally determining the type of soil. Much information 

 has been obtained in this way. A soil survey is conducted in coopera- 

 tion with the National Department. There is not much complaint as 

 to guarantee of fertilizers being preserved in the goods. 



Yeteeinary and Animal Industry. 



Tich Eradication. 



In 1794 the Legislature passed a law forbidding the removal of cattle 

 from the long-leaf pine to the oak section and vice versa, except between 

 April 1st and November 1st each year, as it caused murrain. This, of 

 course, was the work of the fever tick. In 1894 Congress passed the 

 first quarantine law which forbade removal of cattle along a specified 

 line across the countiy and provided for the eradication of the tick. 

 The States cooperated with the National Government. The quarantine 

 line in North Carolina in 1902 was along the crest of the Blue Kidge 

 Mountains. January 1, 1915, the State had been cleared of the fever 

 tick from its western boundary to the Roanoke River, embracing 33,341 

 square miles of the 48,580 miles contained in the State, leaving 15,000 

 square miles in quarantine, or twenty-two of the one hundred counties. 

 These are extreme eastern counties and the larger portion of the terri- 

 tory is covered with water. 



The eradication work is confined to the stoclc law or no fence counties 

 and will be until all are embraced. It is not considered feasible to work 

 the free range counties as it would be reinfected in the spring each year. 

 The eradication work was greatly advanced by the stock law being 

 adopted in advance in all the Piedmont and many of the eastern coun- 

 ties; few ticks are found where it prevails. 



Cattle in counties where the tick has been eradicated sell for from 

 one to one and one-half cents per pound more than in free range. The 

 cattle in the freed territory number 373,013, and their value has been 

 increased $1,875,665 by exemption from the tick. 



Hog Cholera. 



There has been discovered no remedy for hog cholera, only prevention 

 by vaccination. The loss in North Carolina a few years ago was very 

 heavy. The State erected a plant for the manufacture of anti-hog cholera 

 serum, which is sold to the farmers at seventy-five cents per 100 cc, 

 about fifteen cents per minimum dose of 20 cc. Ninety-eight per cent 

 of the hogs vaccinated have escaped cholera. The veterinarian or an 

 assistant visits sections and gives instruction in vaccination. The stock 

 law in many sections of the State has been of great value as a preven- 

 tion of the spread of hog cholera. 



