24 The Bulletin. 



dence to the contrary can be produced; and in Nortli Carolina many 

 farmers insist that they can escape the bulk of Bud-worm injury to their 

 corn by either very early, or late, planting.^ An intelligent farmer 

 in Yadkin County at the Farmers' Institute in August, 1908, said that 

 with him corn planted in either April or June was not much hurt by 

 Bud-worms, but if planted in May, it was hurt. His testimony is typi- 

 cal of that offered by many others, though somewhat more explicit. 



If one's experience shows that either early or late planting will escape 

 bud-worm injury, then we would incline to give the late planting the 

 preference, as it will have the tendency to avoid other pests (cut-worms, 

 stalk-borers), and also allows opportunity for better preliminary prepa- 

 ration of the ground. 



It has been noted that Bud-worm is worse on lowlands, hence the use 

 of other lands for corn when entirely available and convenient, will help 

 to avoid injury. 



As with many other corn pests, ample cultivation and liberal fertiliza- 

 tion will enable the corn to recover from slight attacks. Also the 

 planting of liberal amount of seed will provide enough plants for a 

 ''stand," even though some is killed by Bud-worm. 



THE CORN BILL-BEETLE. 



Order Coleoptera. Family Calandridce. 

 (Also called "Bill-bug," "Klew-bug," "Curlew-bug," etc.) 



Description. — A grayish to blackish hard-shell beetle about 1/2 ii^ch 

 long, with strong down-curved beak or snout ; damages corn by punctur- 

 ing the stalks near the ground. 



This is one of the worst corn pests in the eastern part of the State. 

 Many points in regard to its life-history, habits, and methods of 

 control are not yet entirely clear ; and as it is now under special investi- 

 gation by Prof. Z. P. Metcalf of our Experiment Station, it is consid- 

 ered best to omit any effort at detailed discussion. 



THE CORN-ROOT WEB-WORM. (Crambus caliginocellus, Clem.) 

 Order Lepidoptera. Family Pyralidw. 



Description. — Whitish caterpillars with small black spots on body, 

 attaining length of % to % inch ; attacking young com near the ground ; 

 each caterpillar surrounding itself with a slight web. 



Injury in North Carolina. — Only a few complaints have come to us 

 regarding this insect, and we shall devote but little space to it. Yet we 

 feel sure that in the total it must do considerable injury, for the adult 

 moths are very common in grassy fields at Ealeigh in summer and the 

 insect is of wide distribution. 



^The idea of earlv planting to escape bud-worm also exists in Alabama. Cir. No. 8, 

 Ala. Exp. Sta., March, 1911, "Bud-worms in Corn," by W. F. Turner, p. 6. 



